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Open Access 01-12-2022 | Review

Advances of exosomes in periodontitis treatment

Authors: Hongbing Lin, Huishan Chen, Xuetao Zhao, Tong Ding, Yawei Wang, Zhen Chen, Yue Tian, Peipei Zhang, Yuqin Shen

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease initiated by dysbiosis of the local microbial community. Periodontitis can result in destruction of tooth-supporting tissue; however, overactivation of the host immune response is the main reason for alveolar bone loss. Periodontal tissue cells, immune cells, and even further activated osteoclasts and neutrophils play pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory roles. Traditional therapies for periodontitis are effective in reducing the microbial quantities and improving the clinical symptoms of periodontitis. However, these methods are non-selective, and it is still challenging to achieve an ideal treatment effect in clinics using the currently available treatments and approaches. Exosomes have shown promising potential in various preclinical and clinical studies, including in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis. Exos can be secreted by almost all types of cells, containing specific substances of cells: RNA, free fatty acids, proteins, surface receptors and cytokines. Exos act as local and systemic intercellular communication medium, play significant roles in various biological functions, and regulate physiological and pathological processes in numerous diseases. Exos-based periodontitis diagnosis and treatment strategies have been reported to obtain the potential to overcome the drawbacks of traditional therapies. This review focuses on the accumulating evidence from the last 5 years, indicating the therapeutic potential of the Exos in preclinical and clinical studies of periodontitis. Recent advances on Exos-based periodontitis diagnosis and treatment strategies, existing challenges, and prospect are summarized as guidance to improve the effectiveness of Exos on periodontitis in clinics.

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Title: Advances of exosomes in periodontitis treatment
Authors: Hongbing Lin
Huishan Chen
Xuetao Zhao
Tong Ding
Yawei Wang
Zhen Chen
Yue Tian
Peipei Zhang
Yuqin Shen
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03487-4

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