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Health Research Policy and Systems
Published in: Health Research Policy and Systems 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

Operations research in global health: a scoping review with a focus on the themes of health equity and impact

Authors: Beverly D. Bradley, Tiffany Jung, Ananya Tandon-Verma, Bassem Khoury, Timothy C. Y. Chan, Yu-Ling Cheng

Published in: Health Research Policy and Systems | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Operations research (OR) is a discipline that uses advanced analytical methods (e.g. simulation, optimisation, decision analysis) to better understand complex systems and aid in decision-making.

Summary

Herein, we present a scoping review of the use of OR to analyse issues in global health, with an emphasis on health equity and research impact. A systematic search of five databases was designed to identify relevant published literature. A global overview of 1099 studies highlights the geographic distribution of OR and common OR methods used. From this collection of literature, a narrative description of the use of OR across four main application areas of global health – health systems and operations, clinical medicine, public health and health innovation – is also presented. The theme of health equity is then explored in detail through a subset of 44 studies. Health equity is a critical element of global health that cuts across all four application areas, and is an issue particularly amenable to analysis through OR. Finally, we present seven select cases of OR analyses that have been implemented or have influenced decision-making in global health policy or practice. Based on these cases, we identify three key drivers for success in bridging the gap between OR and global health policy, namely international collaboration with stakeholders, use of contextually appropriate data, and varied communication outlets for research findings. Such cases, however, represent a very small proportion of the literature found.

Conclusion

Poor availability of representative and quality data, and a lack of collaboration between those who develop OR models and stakeholders in the contexts where OR analyses are intended to serve, were found to be common challenges for effective OR modelling in global health.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Footnotes
1
The optional ‘Consultation Exercise’ of the framework was not conducted.
 
2
Individualised search strategies were based on whether the database was indexed by subject headings, controlled vocabulary or keywords.
 
3
World Bank classification as of July 1, 2014, not the year the study was published. Note that some countries may have shifted categories since 2000.
 
4
Based on World Bank country and population listings [235]. There were 136 low- and middle-income countries as of 2014.
 
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Metadata
Title
Operations research in global health: a scoping review with a focus on the themes of health equity and impact
Authors
Beverly D. Bradley
Tiffany Jung
Ananya Tandon-Verma
Bassem Khoury
Timothy C. Y. Chan
Yu-Ling Cheng
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Health Research Policy and Systems / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1478-4505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-017-0187-7

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