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Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Review

Effect of exosomal miRNA on cancer biology and clinical applications

Authors: Zhenqiang Sun, Ke Shi, Shuaixi Yang, Jinbo Liu, Quanbo Zhou, Guixian Wang, Junmin Song, Zhen Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Weitang Yuan

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with diameters ranging from 30 to 150 nm, are widely present in various body fluids. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in exosomes, the biogenesis, release, and uptake of which may involve the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT complex) and relevant proteins. After release, exosomes are taken up by neighboring or distant cells, and the miRNAs contained within modulate such processes as interfering with tumor immunity and the microenvironment, possibly facilitating tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and drug resistance. Therefore, exosomal miRNAs have a significant function in regulating cancer progression. Here, we briefly review recent findings regarding tumor-derived exosomes, including RNA sorting and delivering mechanism. We then describe the intercommunication occurring between different cells via exosomal miRNAs in tumor microenvironmnt, with impacts on tumor proliferation, vascularization, metastasis and other biological characteristics. Finally, we highlight the potential role of these molecules as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis and tumor resistance to therapeutics.
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Metadata
Title
Effect of exosomal miRNA on cancer biology and clinical applications
Authors
Zhenqiang Sun
Ke Shi
Shuaixi Yang
Jinbo Liu
Quanbo Zhou
Guixian Wang
Junmin Song
Zhen Li
Zhiyong Zhang
Weitang Yuan
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-018-0897-7

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