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Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research

Epidemiology of malaria in the Taabo health and demographic surveillance system, south-central Côte d’Ivoire

Authors: Fidèle K. Bassa, Mamadou Ouattara, Kigbafori D. Silué, Lukas G. Adiossan, Nahoua Baikoro, Siaka Koné, Moussan N’Cho, Mahamadou Traoré, Bassirou Bonfoh, Jürg Utzinger, Eliézer K. N’Goran

Published in: Malaria Journal | Issue 1/2016

Abstract

Background

A deep understanding of the local epidemiology of malaria is essential for the design and implementation of setting-specific control and elimination efforts. In Côte d’Ivoire, new initiatives are underway to reduce the burden of malaria, which requires high-quality longitudinal data. The epidemiology of malaria was studied in the Taabo health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS) in south-central Côte d’Ivoire and implications for control are discussed.

Methods

Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out in the rainy season of June/July in 2010 and 2011. Inhabitants of approximately 7 % of randomly selected households in the Taabo HDSS were invited to participate. People were clinically examined, ear temperature was measured and spleen size determined. Finger-prick blood samples were collected and subjected to a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Additionally, thick and thin blood films were prepared on microscope slides and diagnosed under a microscope for Plasmodium infection and parasitaemia. Haemoglobin (Hb) level was determined using a HemoCue device.

Results

A total of 1187 and 1264 people in 2010 and 2011, respectively, had complete data records. The prevalence of Plasmodium infection was 46.0 % in 2010 and 56.6 % in 2011, owing to a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Males showed a higher Plasmodium infection prevalence than females (49.6 and 62.8 % versus 42.6 and 51.2 %; respectively, in 2010 and 2011; both p < 0.05). The highest malaria prevalence was observed among infants and young children (aged ≤9 years). The risk of Plasmodium infection was significantly higher in villages compared to small hamlets and urban settings (p < 0.05). Fever, Hb level and splenomegaly were associated with parasitaemia.

Conclusion

Malaria is highly endemic in the Taabo HDSS in south-central Côte d’Ivoire with considerable spatial heterogeneity of Plasmodium infection. There is a pressing need to scale-up control interventions against malaria.

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Title: Epidemiology of malaria in the Taabo health and demographic surveillance system, south-central Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Fidèle K. Bassa
Mamadou Ouattara
Kigbafori D. Silué
Lukas G. Adiossan
Nahoua Baikoro
Siaka Koné
Moussan N’Cho
Mahamadou Traoré
Bassirou Bonfoh
Jürg Utzinger
Eliézer K. N’Goran
Publication date: 01-12-2016
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Malaria Journal / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2875
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-1076-6

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Epidemiology of malaria in the Taabo health and demographic surveillance system, south-central Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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Abstract

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Conclusion

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