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Cancer Cell International
Published in: Cancer Cell International 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Primary research

In situ characterization of stem cells-like biomarkers in meningiomas

Authors: Hanin Alamir, Mona Alomari, Abdulla Ahmed A. Salwati, Mohamad Saka, Mohammed Bangash, Saleh Baeesa, Fahad Alghamdi, Angel Carracedo, Hans-Juergen Schulten, Adeel Chaudhary, Adel Abuzenadah, Deema Hussein

Published in: Cancer Cell International | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Background

Meningioma cancer stem cells (MCSCs) contribute to tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance. Successful therapies developed for inoperable, recurrent, or metastatic tumors must target these cells and restrict their contribution to tumor progression. Unfortunately, the identity of MCSCs remains elusive, and MSCSs’ in situ spatial distribution, heterogeneity, and relationship with tumor grade, remain unclear.

Methods

Seven tumors classified as grade II or grade III, including one case of metastatic grade III, and eight grade I meningioma tumors, were analyzed for combinations of ten stem cell (SC)-related markers using immunofluorescence of consecutive sections. The correlation of expression for all markers were investigated. Three dimensional spatial distribution of markers were qualitatively analyzed using a grid, designed as a repository of information for positive staining. All statistical analyses were completed using Statistical Analysis Software Package.

Results

The patterns of expression for SC-related markers were determined in the context of two dimensional distribution and cellular features. All markers could be detected in all tumors, however, Frizzled 9 and GFAP had differential expression in grade II/III compared with grade I meningioma tissues. Correlation analysis showed significant relationships between the expression of GFAP and CD133 as well as SSEA4 and Vimentin. Data from three dimensional analysis showed a complex distribution of SC markers, with increased gene hetero-expression being associated with grade II/III tumors. Sub regions that showed multiple co-staining of markers including CD133, Frizzled 9, GFAP, Vimentin, and SSEA4, but not necessarily the proliferation marker Ki67, were highly associated with grade II/III meningiomas.

Conclusion

The distribution and level of expression of CSCs markers in meningiomas are variable and show hetero-expression patterns that have a complex spatial nature, particularly in grade II/III meningiomas. Thus, results strongly support the notion of heterogeneous populations of CSCs, even in grade I meningiomas, and call for the use of multiple markers for the accurate identification of individual CSC subgroups. Such identification will lead to practical clinical diagnostic protocols that can quantitate CSCs, predict tumor recurrence, assist in guiding treatment selection for inoperable tumors, and improve follow up of therapy.
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Metadata
Title
In situ characterization of stem cells-like biomarkers in meningiomas
Authors
Hanin Alamir
Mona Alomari
Abdulla Ahmed A. Salwati
Mohamad Saka
Mohammed Bangash
Saleh Baeesa
Fahad Alghamdi
Angel Carracedo
Hans-Juergen Schulten
Adeel Chaudhary
Adel Abuzenadah
Deema Hussein
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cancer Cell International / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2867
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-018-0571-6

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