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Respiratory Research
Published in: Respiratory Research 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease | Review

The pathology of small airways disease in COPD: historical aspects and future directions

Authors: Andrew Higham, Anne Marie Quinn, José Eduardo D. Cançado, Dave Singh

Published in: Respiratory Research | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Small airways disease (SAD) is a cardinal feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) first recognized in the nineteenth century. The diverse histopathological features associated with SAD underpin the heterogeneous nature of COPD. Our understanding of the key molecular mechanisms which drive the pathological changes are not complete. In this article we will provide a historical overview of key histopathological studies which have helped shape our understanding of SAD and discuss the hallmark features of airway remodelling, mucous plugging and inflammation. We focus on the relationship between SAD and emphysema, SAD in the early stages of COPD, and the mechanisms which cause SAD progression, including bacterial colonization and exacerbations. We discuss the need to specifically target SAD to attenuate the progression of COPD.
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Metadata
Title
The pathology of small airways disease in COPD: historical aspects and future directions
Authors
Andrew Higham
Anne Marie Quinn
José Eduardo D. Cançado
Dave Singh
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Respiratory Research / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1465-993X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-019-1017-y

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