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01-12-2021 | Fracture Healing | Research article

Changes in macrophage and inflammatory cytokine expressions during fracture healing in an ovariectomized mice model

Authors: Lin Chen, Shao Cheng, Kanghui Sun, Jing Wang, Xinhua Liu, Yongjian Zhao, Junjie Yang, Dongfeng Zhao, Chunchun Xue, Yuren Tao, Shitian Zhao, Hao Zhang, Sheng Lu, Qi Shi, Yongjun Wang, Bing Shu

Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

Macrophages and inflammatory cytokines play important roles in bone fracture healing. However, the expression patterns of macrophages and inflammatory cytokines during fracture healing under the condition of postmenopausal osteoporosis have not been fully revealed.

Methods

Tibia transverse fracture was established 12 weeks after ovariectomy or sham operation in 16-week old female mice. Tibias were harvested before fracture or 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after fracture for radiological and histological examinations. M1/M2 inflammatory macrophages, osteal macrophages and gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and macrophage conversion related molecules in the fracture haematoma or callus were also detected.

Results

The processes of fracture healing, especially the phases of endochondral ossification and callus remodeling, were delayed in ovariectomized mice. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, but not interleukin-1β, in the fracture haematoma or callus were disturbed. Expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α were decreased at 1, 14 and 21 days post-fracture (DPF), and were increased at 3, 5 and 7 DPF. Interleukin-6 expressions at 1, 3 and 21 DPF were significantly increased. We found the decreases in M1 and M2 macrophages at 1 DPF of the initial inflammatory stage. M2 macrophages at 14 DPF of the middle stage and osteal macrophages at 14, 21 and 28 DPF of the middle and late stages of fracture healing were also reduced in ovariectomized mice.

Conclusions

The expressions of macrophages and inflammatory cytokines were impaired in ovariectomized mice, which might contribute partially to poor fracture healing.

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Title: Changes in macrophage and inflammatory cytokine expressions during fracture healing in an ovariectomized mice model
Authors: Lin Chen
Shao Cheng
Kanghui Sun
Jing Wang
Xinhua Liu
Yongjian Zhao
Junjie Yang
Dongfeng Zhao
Chunchun Xue
Yuren Tao
Shitian Zhao
Hao Zhang
Sheng Lu
Qi Shi
Yongjun Wang
Bing Shu
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Fracture Healing
Ovariectomy
Cytokines
Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2474
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04360-z

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Changes in macrophage and inflammatory cytokine expressions during fracture healing in an ovariectomized mice model

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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