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BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Published in: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 1/2021

01-12-2021 | Lung Cancer | Review

Radiation-induced lung injury: current evidence

Authors: Marisol Arroyo-Hernández, Federico Maldonado, Francisco Lozano-Ruiz, Wendy Muñoz-Montaño, Mónica Nuñez-Baez, Oscar Arrieta

Published in: BMC Pulmonary Medicine | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Chemo-radiotherapy and systemic therapies have proven satisfactory outcomes as standard treatments for various thoracic malignancies; however, adverse pulmonary effects, like pneumonitis, can be life-threatening. Pneumonitis is caused by direct cytotoxic effect, oxidative stress, and immune-mediated injury. Radiotherapy Induced Lung Injury (RILI) encompasses two phases: an early phase known as Radiation Pneumonitis (RP), characterized by acute lung tissue inflammation as a result of exposure to radiation; and a late phase called Radiation Fibrosis (RF), a clinical syndrome that results from chronic pulmonary tissue damage. Currently, diagnoses are made by exclusion using clinical assessment and radiological findings. Pulmonary function tests have constituted a significant step in evaluating lung function status during radiotherapy and useful predictive tools to avoid complications or limit toxicity. Systemic corticosteroids are widely used to treat pneumonitis complications, but its use must be standardized, and consider in the prophylaxis setting given the fatal outcome of this adverse event. This review aims to discuss the clinicopathological features of pneumonitis and provide practical clinical recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and management.
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Metadata
Title
Radiation-induced lung injury: current evidence
Authors
Marisol Arroyo-Hernández
Federico Maldonado
Francisco Lozano-Ruiz
Wendy Muñoz-Montaño
Mónica Nuñez-Baez
Oscar Arrieta
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Pulmonary Medicine / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2466
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-020-01376-4

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Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

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16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

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