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Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Gene expression profiling of laterally spreading tumors

Authors: Shoko Minemura, Takeshi Tanaka, Makoto Arai, Kenichiro Okimoto, Arata Oyamada, Keiko Saito, Daisuke Maruoka, Tomoaki Matsumura, Tomoo Nakagawa, Tatsuro Katsuno, Takashi Kishimoto, Osamu Yokosuka

Published in: BMC Gastroenterology | Issue 1/2015

Abstract

Background

Laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) are generally defined as lesions >10 mm in diameter, are characterized by lateral expansion along the luminal wall with a low vertical axis. In contrast to other forms of tumor, LSTs are generally considered to have a superficial growth pattern and the potential for malignancy. We focused on this morphological character of LSTs, and analyzed the gene expression profile of LSTs.

Methods

The expression of 168 genes in 41 colorectal tumor samples (17 LST-adenoma, 12 LST-carcinoma, 12 Ip [pedunculated type of the Paris classification)-adenoma, all of which were 10 mm or more in diameter] was analyzed by PCR array. Based on the results, we investigated the expression levels of genes up-regulated in LST-adenoma, compared to Ip-adenoma, by hierarchical and K-means clustering. To confirm the results of the array analysis, using an additional 60 samples (38 LST-adenoma, 22 Ip-adenoma), we determined the localization of the gene product by immunohistochemical staining.

Result

The expression of 129 genes differed in colorectal tumors from normal mucosa by PCR array analysis. As a result of K-means clustering, the expression levels of five genes, AKT1, BCL2L1, ERBB2, MTA2 and TNFRSF25, were found to be significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) in LST-adenoma, compared to Ip-adenoma. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the BCL2L1 protein was significantly and meaningfully up-regulated in LST-adenoma compared to Ip-adenoma (p = 0.010). With respect to apoptosis status in LST-Adenoma, it assumes that BCL2L1 is anti-apoptotic protein, the samples such as BCL2L1 positive and TUNEL negative, or BCL2L1 negative and TUNEL positive are consistent with the assumption. 63.2 % LST-adenoma samples were consistent with the assumption.

Conclusions

LSTs have an unusual profile of gene expression compared to other tumors and BCL2L1 might be concerned in the organization of LSTs.

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Title: Gene expression profiling of laterally spreading tumors
Authors: Shoko Minemura
Takeshi Tanaka
Makoto Arai
Kenichiro Okimoto
Arata Oyamada
Keiko Saito
Daisuke Maruoka
Tomoaki Matsumura
Tomoo Nakagawa
Tatsuro Katsuno
Takashi Kishimoto
Osamu Yokosuka
Publication date: 01-12-2015
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Gastroenterology / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-230X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-015-0295-1

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