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BMC Primary Care
Published in: BMC Primary Care 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Care | Research article

Healthcare professional-led interventions on lifestyle modifications for hypertensive patients – a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Indre Treciokiene, Maarten Postma, Thang Nguyen, Tanja Fens, Jurgis Petkevicius, Raimondas Kubilius, Jolanta Gulbinovic, Katja Taxis

Published in: BMC Primary Care | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Background

About 0.9 billion people in the world have hypertension. The mortality due to hypertension increased dramatically over the last decades. Healthcare professionals should support patients with hypertension to modify their lifestyle to decrease blood pressure, but an overview of effective lifestyle interventions is lacking. The aim of this study was to determine whether healthcare professional-led interventions on lifestyle modifications are effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

Methods

A systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted. PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL databases were searched for randomized control trials (RCTs) of interventions on lifestyle modifications of hypertensive patients which were performed by healthcare professionals (physician, nurse, pharmacist) and which reported blood pressure measurements. Papers were reviewed by two reviewers and analysed using Cochrane software Revman 5.4. In a meta-analysis difference in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the percentage of patients with controlled blood pressure (BP) was analysed.

Results

In total, 34 clinical trials reporting on 22,419 patients (mean age 58.4 years, 49.14% female, 69.9% used antihypertensive medications) were included. The mean difference SBP was − 4.41 mmHg (95% CI, − 5.52to − 3.30) and the mean difference DBP was − 1.66 mmHg (95% CI − 2.44 to − 0.88) in favor of the intervention group vs usual care. Fifty-six percent of patients achieved BP control in the intervention group vs 44% in usual care, OR = 1.87 (95% CI, 1.51 to 2.31).

Conclusion

Healthcare professional-led interventions were effective. Patients achieved almost 5 mmHg decrease of SBP and more patients achieved BP control. The results suggest that efforts are needed for widespread implementation.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Healthcare professional-led interventions on lifestyle modifications for hypertensive patients – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors
Indre Treciokiene
Maarten Postma
Thang Nguyen
Tanja Fens
Jurgis Petkevicius
Raimondas Kubilius
Jolanta Gulbinovic
Katja Taxis
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Primary Care / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 2731-4553
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01421-z

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