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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
Published in: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Research article

Treatment adherence and blood pressure outcome among hypertensive out-patients in two tertiary hospitals in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria

Authors: Rasaq Adisa, Olumide Ayodeji Ilesanmi, Titilayo Oyelola Fakeye

Published in: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Background

Treatment adherence play important roles in blood pressure control leading to reduction in morbidity and mortality. This study therefore assessed adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies among ambulatory hypertensive patients. Reasons for treatment non-adherence, and association between adherence and blood pressure were also investigated.

Methods

Cross-sectional questionnaire-guided interview and retrospective review of medical records of 605-patients from two-tertiary healthcare institutions in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria. Nine-item modified Morisky adherence scale was used to assess medication adherence. Overall adherence score to lifestyle modifications was obtained from the total scores from 4-domains of non-pharmacological measures including cigarette smoking and alcohol cessation, salt-restriction and exercise. Patient-specific adherence education was provided at contact to resolve the knowledge gap(s). Clinical-parameters were retrieved at contact and subsequent 2-months appointment. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Student’s t-test were used for analysis at p < 0.05.

Results

Fifty-four (8.9%) patients were adherent to medications. Forgetfulness (404; 35.2%) was the most common reason for medication non-adherence. Use of buddy/companion reminder (605, 30.2%) top the list of adherence education. Overall adherence to lifestyle modifications was 36(6.0%). Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) at contact was 149.6 ± 22.5 versus 134.2 ± 15.8 mmHg at 2-months with a 10% reduction. There were significant associations in baseline SBP for patients with or without adherence to medication, cigarette smoking cessation, and exercise (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Overall adherence to antihypertensive medications and lifestyle modifications is suboptimal, underscoring the need for continuous patient-specific adherence education to ensure better therapeutic outcomes.
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Metadata
Title
Treatment adherence and blood pressure outcome among hypertensive out-patients in two tertiary hospitals in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria
Authors
Rasaq Adisa
Olumide Ayodeji Ilesanmi
Titilayo Oyelola Fakeye
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2261
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0934-x

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