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Nutrition & Metabolism
Published in: Nutrition & Metabolism 1/2008

Open Access 01-12-2008 | Research

Effects of dairy intake on weight maintenance

Authors: Michael B Zemel, Joseph E Donnelly, Bryan K Smith, Debra K Sullivan, Joanna Richards, Danielle Morgan-Hanusa, Matthew S Mayo, Xiaocun Sun, Galen Cook-Wiens, Bruce W Bailey, Emily L Van Walleghen, Richard A Washburn

Published in: Nutrition & Metabolism | Issue 1/2008

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Abstract

Background

To compare the effects of low versus recommended levels of dairy intake on weight maintenance and body composition subsequent to weight loss.

Design and Methods

Two site (University of Kansas-KU; University of Tennessee-UT), 9 month, randomized trial. Weight loss was baseline to 3 months, weight maintenance was 4 to 9 months. Participants were maintained randomly assigned to low dairy (< 1 dairy serving/d) or recommended dairy (> 3 servings/d) diets for the maintenance phase. Three hundred thirty eight men and women, age: 40.3 ± 7.0 years and BMI: 34.5 ± 3.1, were randomized; Change in weight and body composition (total fat, trunk fat) from 4 to 9 months were the primary outcomes. Blood chemistry, blood pressure, resting metabolism, and respiratory quotient were secondary outcomes. Energy intake, calcium intake, dairy intake, and physical activity were measured as process evaluation.

Results

During weight maintenance, there were no overall significant differences for weight or body composition between the low and recommended dairy groups. A significant site interaction occurred with the low dairy group at KU maintaining weight and body composition and the low dairy group at UT increasing weight and body fat. The recommended dairy group exhibited reductions in plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D while no change was observed in the low dairy group. No other differences were found for blood chemistry, blood pressure or physical activity between low and recommended dairy groups. The recommended dairy group showed significantly greater energy intake and lower respiratory quotient compared to the low dairy group.

Conclusion

Weight maintenance was similar for low and recommended dairy groups. The recommended dairy group exhibited evidence of greater fat oxidation and was able to consume greater energy without greater weight gain compared to the low dairy group. Recommended levels of dairy products may be used during weight maintenance without contributing to weight gain compared to diets low in dairy products.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00686426
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
Effects of dairy intake on weight maintenance
Authors
Michael B Zemel
Joseph E Donnelly
Bryan K Smith
Debra K Sullivan
Joanna Richards
Danielle Morgan-Hanusa
Matthew S Mayo
Xiaocun Sun
Galen Cook-Wiens
Bruce W Bailey
Emily L Van Walleghen
Richard A Washburn
Publication date
01-12-2008
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Nutrition & Metabolism / Issue 1/2008
Electronic ISSN: 1743-7075
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-5-28

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