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Open Access 01-12-2011 | Research

Heat shock protein 70/peptide complexes: potent mediators for the generation of antiviral T cells particularly with regard to low precursor frequencies

Authors: Sabine Tischer, Megan Basila, Britta Maecker-Kolhoff, Stephan Immenschuh, Mathias Oelke, Rainer Blasczyk, Britta Eiz-Vesper

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2011

Abstract

Background

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has gained major attention as an adjuvant capable of inducing antigen-specific CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T-cell responses. The ability of HSP70/peptide complexes to elicit cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses by cross-presentation of exogenous antigens via HLA class I molecules is of central interest in immunotherapy. We examined the role of HSP70/CMVpp65_495-503-peptide complex (HSP70/CMV-PC) in HLA class I-restricted cross-presentation for ex vivo expansion of CMV-specific CTLs.

Methods

CMV-specific T cells generated from PBMCs of HLA-A*02:01/CMV-seropositive donors were stimulated for 21 days with HSP70/CMV-PC and analyzed in functional assays. As a control PBMCs were cultured in the presence of CMVpp65_495-503 peptide or HSP70. Increase of CMV-specific CTLs was visualized by pentameric HLA-A*02:01/CMVpp65_495-503 complex.

Results

About 90% of HSP70/CMV-PC generated T cells were CMV-specific and exhibited significantly higher IFN-γ secretion, cytotoxic activity, and an increased heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) gene expression as compared to about 69% of those stimulated with CMVpp65_495-503 peptide. We decided to classify the HLA-A*02:01/CMV-seropositive donors as weak, medium, and strong responder according to the frequency of generated A2/CMV-pentamer-positive CD8⁺ T cells. HSP70/CMV-PC significantly induces strong antiviral T-cell responses especially in those donors with low memory precursor frequencies. Blockage of CD91 with α2-macroglobulin markedly reduced proliferation of antiviral T cells suggesting a major role of this receptor in the uptake of HSP70/CMV-PC.

Conclusion

This study clearly demonstrates that HSP70/CMV-PC is a potent mediator to induce stronger T-cell responses compared to antiviral peptides. This simple and efficient technique may help to generate significant quantities of antiviral CTLs by cross-presentation. Thus, we propose HSP70 for chaperoning peptides to reach an efficient level of cross-presentation. HSP70/peptide complexes may be particularly useful to generate stronger T-cell responses in cases of low precursor frequencies and may help to improve the efficiency of antigen-specific T-cell therapy for minor antigens.

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Title: Heat shock protein 70/peptide complexes: potent mediators for the generation of antiviral T cells particularly with regard to low precursor frequencies
Authors: Sabine Tischer
Megan Basila
Britta Maecker-Kolhoff
Stephan Immenschuh
Mathias Oelke
Rainer Blasczyk
Britta Eiz-Vesper
Publication date: 01-12-2011
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-9-175

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