Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Cardiovascular Ultrasound 1/2004

Open Access 01-08-2004 | Hypothesis

Tissue Doppler echocardiography – A case of right tool, wrong use

Author: George Thomas

Published in: Cardiovascular Ultrasound | Issue 1/2004

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The developments in echocardiography or ultrasound cardiography (UCG) have improved our clinical capabilities. However, advanced hardware and software capabilities have resulted in UCG facilities of dubious clinical benefits. Is tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE) is one such example?

Presentation of the hypothesis

TDE has been touted as advancement in the field of echocardiography. The striking play of colors, impressive waveforms and the seemingly accurate velocity values could be deceptive. TDE is a clear case of inappropriate use of technology.

Testing the hypothesis

To understand this, a comparison between flow Doppler and tissue Doppler is made. To make clinically meaningful velocity measurements with Doppler, we need prior knowledge of the line of motion. This is possible in blood flow but impossible in the complex myocardial motion. The qualitative comparison makes it evident that Doppler is best suited for flow studies.

Implications of the hypothesis

As of now TDE is going backwards using an indirect method when direct methods are better. The work on TDE at present is only debatable 'research and publication' material and do not translate into tangible clinical benefits. There are several advances like curved M-mode, strain rate imaging and tissue tracking in TDE. However these have been disappointing. This is due to the basic flaw in the application of the principles of Doppler. Doppler is best suited for flow studies and applying it to tissue motion is illogical. All data obtained by TDE is scientifically incorrect. This makes all the published papers on the subject flawed. Making diagnostic decisions based on this faulty application of technology would be unacceptable to the scientific cardiologist.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Maslak SH, Freund JG: Color Doppler Instrumentation. In Vascular Imaging by Color Doppler and Magnetic Resonance (Edited by: Lanzer P). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991, 87-123.CrossRef Maslak SH, Freund JG: Color Doppler Instrumentation. In Vascular Imaging by Color Doppler and Magnetic Resonance (Edited by: Lanzer P). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991, 87-123.CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Isaaz K, Thompson A, Ethevenot G, Cloez JL, Brembilla B, Pernot C: Doppler echocardiographic measurement of low velocity motion of left ventricular posterior wall. Am J Cardiol 1989, 64: 66-75. 10.1016/0002-9149(89)90655-3CrossRefPubMed Isaaz K, Thompson A, Ethevenot G, Cloez JL, Brembilla B, Pernot C: Doppler echocardiographic measurement of low velocity motion of left ventricular posterior wall. Am J Cardiol 1989, 64: 66-75. 10.1016/0002-9149(89)90655-3CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference McDiken WN, Sutherland GR, Moran CM, Gorden LN: Color Doppler velocity imaging of the myocardium. Ultrasound Med Biol 1992, 18: 651-654. 10.1016/0301-5629(92)90080-TCrossRef McDiken WN, Sutherland GR, Moran CM, Gorden LN: Color Doppler velocity imaging of the myocardium. Ultrasound Med Biol 1992, 18: 651-654. 10.1016/0301-5629(92)90080-TCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Sutherland GR, Stewart MJ, Groundstroem KW, Moran CM, Fleming A, Guell-Peris FJ, et al.: Color Doppler myocardial imaging: a new technique for the assessment of myocardial function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1994, 7: 441-458.CrossRefPubMed Sutherland GR, Stewart MJ, Groundstroem KW, Moran CM, Fleming A, Guell-Peris FJ, et al.: Color Doppler myocardial imaging: a new technique for the assessment of myocardial function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1994, 7: 441-458.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Rambaldi R, Poldermans D, Vletter WB, ten Cate FJ, Roelandt JR, Fioretti PM: Doppler tissue imaging in the new era of digital echocardiography. G Ital Cardiol 1997,27(8):827-839.PubMed Rambaldi R, Poldermans D, Vletter WB, ten Cate FJ, Roelandt JR, Fioretti PM: Doppler tissue imaging in the new era of digital echocardiography. G Ital Cardiol 1997,27(8):827-839.PubMed
6.
go back to reference Palka P, Lange A, Fleming AD, Sutherland GR, Fenn LN, McDicken WN: Doppler tissue imaging: Myocardial wall motion velocities in normal subjects. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1995,8(5):659-668.CrossRefPubMed Palka P, Lange A, Fleming AD, Sutherland GR, Fenn LN, McDicken WN: Doppler tissue imaging: Myocardial wall motion velocities in normal subjects. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1995,8(5):659-668.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Pai RG, Gill KS: Amplitudes, durations and timings of apically directed left ventricular velocities: Their normal pattern and coupling to ventricular filling and ejection. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1998,11(2):105-111.CrossRefPubMed Pai RG, Gill KS: Amplitudes, durations and timings of apically directed left ventricular velocities: Their normal pattern and coupling to ventricular filling and ejection. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1998,11(2):105-111.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Lars-Åke Brodin, van der Linden Jan, Björn Olstad: Echocardiographic functional images based on tissue velocity information. Herz 1998, 23: 491-498.CrossRef Lars-Åke Brodin, van der Linden Jan, Björn Olstad: Echocardiographic functional images based on tissue velocity information. Herz 1998, 23: 491-498.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Garcia-Fernandez MA, Zamorano J, Azvedo J, Eds: Doppler Tissue Imaging Echocardiography McGraw-Hill/Interamericana de Espana, Madrid 1998. Garcia-Fernandez MA, Zamorano J, Azvedo J, Eds: Doppler Tissue Imaging Echocardiography McGraw-Hill/Interamericana de Espana, Madrid 1998.
10.
go back to reference Sengupta PP, Mohan JC, Mehta V, Kaul UA, Trehan VK, et al.: Effects of percutaneous mitral commissurotomy on longitudinal left ventricular dynamics in mitral stenosis: Quantitative assessment by tissue velocity imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2004,17(8):824-829.CrossRefPubMed Sengupta PP, Mohan JC, Mehta V, Kaul UA, Trehan VK, et al.: Effects of percutaneous mitral commissurotomy on longitudinal left ventricular dynamics in mitral stenosis: Quantitative assessment by tissue velocity imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2004,17(8):824-829.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Pislaru C, Abraham TP, Belohlavek M: Strain and strain rate echocardiography. Current Opinion in Cardiology 2002, 17: 443-454. 10.1097/00001573-200209000-00002CrossRefPubMed Pislaru C, Abraham TP, Belohlavek M: Strain and strain rate echocardiography. Current Opinion in Cardiology 2002, 17: 443-454. 10.1097/00001573-200209000-00002CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Nakayama K, Miyatake K, Uematsu M, Tanaka N, Kamakura S, Nakatani S, et al.: Application of tissue Doppler imaging technique in evaluation early ventricular contraction associated with accessory atrioventricular pathways in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Am Heart J 1998, 135: 99-106.CrossRefPubMed Nakayama K, Miyatake K, Uematsu M, Tanaka N, Kamakura S, Nakatani S, et al.: Application of tissue Doppler imaging technique in evaluation early ventricular contraction associated with accessory atrioventricular pathways in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Am Heart J 1998, 135: 99-106.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Barros MV, da Costa Rocha MO, Ribeiro AL, Machado FS: Tissue Doppler imaging enables the identification of diastolic dysfunction of pseudonormal pattern in Chagas' disease. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2001,14(5):353-359. 10.1067/mje.2001.111155CrossRefPubMed Barros MV, da Costa Rocha MO, Ribeiro AL, Machado FS: Tissue Doppler imaging enables the identification of diastolic dysfunction of pseudonormal pattern in Chagas' disease. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2001,14(5):353-359. 10.1067/mje.2001.111155CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Thamilarasan M, Grimm RA, Rodriguez LL, Sun JP, Odabashian JA, Agler DA, et al.: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in lone atrial fibrillation determined by Doppler tissue imaging of mitral annular motion. Am J Cardiol 2000,86(9):1026-1029. 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)01144-9CrossRefPubMed Thamilarasan M, Grimm RA, Rodriguez LL, Sun JP, Odabashian JA, Agler DA, et al.: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in lone atrial fibrillation determined by Doppler tissue imaging of mitral annular motion. Am J Cardiol 2000,86(9):1026-1029. 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)01144-9CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Nishimura RA, Tajik AJ: Evaluation of diastolic filling of left ventricle in health and disease: Doppler echocardiography is the clinician's Rosetta Stone. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997,30(1):8-18. 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00144-7CrossRefPubMed Nishimura RA, Tajik AJ: Evaluation of diastolic filling of left ventricle in health and disease: Doppler echocardiography is the clinician's Rosetta Stone. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997,30(1):8-18. 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00144-7CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Fyrenius A, Wigstrom L, Bolger AF, Ebbers T, Ohman KP, Karlsson M, et al.: Pitfalls in Doppler evaluation of diastolic function: insights from 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1999,12(10):817-826.CrossRefPubMed Fyrenius A, Wigstrom L, Bolger AF, Ebbers T, Ohman KP, Karlsson M, et al.: Pitfalls in Doppler evaluation of diastolic function: insights from 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1999,12(10):817-826.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Rajagopalan N, Garcia MJ, Rodriguez L, Murray RD, Apperson-Hansen C, Stugaard M, et al.: Comparison of new Doppler echocardiographic methods to differentiate constrictive pericardial heart disease and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2001,87(1):86-94. 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)01278-9CrossRefPubMed Rajagopalan N, Garcia MJ, Rodriguez L, Murray RD, Apperson-Hansen C, Stugaard M, et al.: Comparison of new Doppler echocardiographic methods to differentiate constrictive pericardial heart disease and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2001,87(1):86-94. 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)01278-9CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Derumeaux G, Loufoua J, Pontier G, Cribier A, Ovize M: Tissue Doppler imaging differentiates transmural from nontransmural acute myocardial infarction after reperfusion therapy. Circulation 2001,103(4):589-596.CrossRefPubMed Derumeaux G, Loufoua J, Pontier G, Cribier A, Ovize M: Tissue Doppler imaging differentiates transmural from nontransmural acute myocardial infarction after reperfusion therapy. Circulation 2001,103(4):589-596.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Mankad S, Murali S, Kormos RL, Mandarino WA, Gorcsan J 3rd: Evaluation of the potential role of color-coded tissue Doppler echocardiography in the detection of allograft rejection in heart transplant recipients. Am Heart J 1999,138(4 Pt 1):721-730.CrossRefPubMed Mankad S, Murali S, Kormos RL, Mandarino WA, Gorcsan J 3rd: Evaluation of the potential role of color-coded tissue Doppler echocardiography in the detection of allograft rejection in heart transplant recipients. Am Heart J 1999,138(4 Pt 1):721-730.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Mooradian SJ, Goldberg CS, Crowley DC, Ludomirsky A: Evaluation of a non-invasive index of global ventricular function to predict rejection after paediatric cardiac transplantation. Am J Cardiol 2000,86(3):358-360. 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)00935-8CrossRefPubMed Mooradian SJ, Goldberg CS, Crowley DC, Ludomirsky A: Evaluation of a non-invasive index of global ventricular function to predict rejection after paediatric cardiac transplantation. Am J Cardiol 2000,86(3):358-360. 10.1016/S0002-9149(00)00935-8CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Segovia E, Perez JE: Characterization of myocardial tissue by ultrasound backscatter. Rev Esp Cardiol 1999,52(9):708-715.CrossRefPubMed Segovia E, Perez JE: Characterization of myocardial tissue by ultrasound backscatter. Rev Esp Cardiol 1999,52(9):708-715.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Santos JF, Caetano F, Parreira L, Madeira J, Cardoso P, Fonseca N, et al.: Tissue Doppler echocardiography for evaluation of patients with ventricular resynchronization therapy. Rev Port Cardiol 2003,22(11):1363-1371.PubMed Santos JF, Caetano F, Parreira L, Madeira J, Cardoso P, Fonseca N, et al.: Tissue Doppler echocardiography for evaluation of patients with ventricular resynchronization therapy. Rev Port Cardiol 2003,22(11):1363-1371.PubMed
23.
go back to reference Penicka M, Bartunek J, De Bruyne B, Vanderheyden M, Goethals M, De Zutter M, et al.: Improvement of left ventricular function after cardiac resynchronization therapy is predicted by tissue Doppler imaging echocardiography. Circulation 2004,109(8):978-983. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000116765.43251.D7CrossRefPubMed Penicka M, Bartunek J, De Bruyne B, Vanderheyden M, Goethals M, De Zutter M, et al.: Improvement of left ventricular function after cardiac resynchronization therapy is predicted by tissue Doppler imaging echocardiography. Circulation 2004,109(8):978-983. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000116765.43251.D7CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Molhoek SG, Van Erven L, Bootsma M, Steendijk P, Van Der Wall EE, Schalij MJ: QRS duration and shortening to predict clinical response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with end-stage heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2004,27(3):308-313. 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2004.00433.xCrossRefPubMed Molhoek SG, Van Erven L, Bootsma M, Steendijk P, Van Der Wall EE, Schalij MJ: QRS duration and shortening to predict clinical response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with end-stage heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2004,27(3):308-313. 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2004.00433.xCrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Braunschweig F, Kjellstrom B, Gadler F, Linde C: Optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy by continuous hemodynamic monitoring. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2004,15(1):94-6.CrossRefPubMed Braunschweig F, Kjellstrom B, Gadler F, Linde C: Optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy by continuous hemodynamic monitoring. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2004,15(1):94-6.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Mehra MR, Greenberg BH: Cardiac resynchronization therapy: caveat medicus! J Am Coll Cardiol 2004,43(7):1145-1148. 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.10.050CrossRefPubMed Mehra MR, Greenberg BH: Cardiac resynchronization therapy: caveat medicus! J Am Coll Cardiol 2004,43(7):1145-1148. 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.10.050CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Ommen SR, Nishimura RA, Appleton CP, Miller FA, Oh JK, Redfield MM, et al.: Clinical utility of Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressures: A comparative simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study. Circulation 2000,102(15):1788-1794.CrossRefPubMed Ommen SR, Nishimura RA, Appleton CP, Miller FA, Oh JK, Redfield MM, et al.: Clinical utility of Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressures: A comparative simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study. Circulation 2000,102(15):1788-1794.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Shan K, Bick RJ, Poindexter BJ, Shimoni S, Letsou GV, Reardon MJ, et al.: Relation of tissue Doppler derived myocardial velocities to myocardial structure and beta-adrenergic receptor density in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000,36(3):891-896. 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00786-5CrossRefPubMed Shan K, Bick RJ, Poindexter BJ, Shimoni S, Letsou GV, Reardon MJ, et al.: Relation of tissue Doppler derived myocardial velocities to myocardial structure and beta-adrenergic receptor density in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000,36(3):891-896. 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00786-5CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Tissue Doppler echocardiography – A case of right tool, wrong use
Author
George Thomas
Publication date
01-08-2004
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Ultrasound / Issue 1/2004
Electronic ISSN: 1476-7120
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-7120-2-12

Other articles of this Issue 1/2004

Cardiovascular Ultrasound 1/2004 Go to the issue