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Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research article

Children of Senegal River Basin show the highest prevalence of Blastocystissp. ever observed worldwide

Authors: Dima El Safadi, Lobna Gaayeb, Dionigia Meloni, Amandine Cian, Philippe Poirier, Ivan Wawrzyniak, Frédéric Delbac, Fouad Dabboussi, Laurence Delhaes, Modou Seck, Monzer Hamze, Gilles Riveau, Eric Viscogliosi

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2014

Abstract

Background

Blastocystis sp. is currently the most common intestinal protist found in human feces and considered an emerging parasite with a worldwide distribution. Because of its potential impact in public health, we reinforced the picture of Blastocystis sp. prevalence and molecular subtype distribution in Africa by performing the first survey of this parasite in Senegal.

Methods

Stool samples from 93 symptomatic presenting with various gastrointestinal disorders or asymptomatic children living in three villages of the Senegal River Basin were tested for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by non-quantitative and quantitative PCR using primer pairs targeting the SSU rDNA gene. Positive samples were subtyped to investigate the frequency of Blastocystis sp. subtypes in our cohort and the distribution of subtypes in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups of children.

Results

By the use of molecular tools, all 93 samples were found to be positive for Blastocystis sp. indicating a striking parasite prevalence of 100%. Mixed infections by two or three subtypes were identified in eight individuals. Among a total of 103 subtyped isolates, subtype 3 was most abundant (49.5%) followed by subtype 1 (28.2%), subtype 2 (20.4%) and subtype 4 (1.9%). Subtype 3 was dominant in the symptomatic group while subtypes 1 and 2 were detected with equal frequency in both symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. The distribution of subtypes was compared with those available in other African countries and worldwide. Comparison confirmed that subtype 4 is much less frequently detected or absent in Africa while it is commonly found in Europe. Potential sources of Blastocystis sp. infection including human-to-human, zoonotic, and waterborne transmissions were also discussed.

Conclusions

The prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in our Senegalese population was the highest prevalence ever recovered worldwide for this parasite by reaching 100%. All cases were caused by subtypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 with a predominance of subtype 3. More than half of the children infected by Blastocystis sp. presented various gastrointestinal disorders. Such high prevalence of blastocystosis in developing countries makes its control a real challenge for public health authorities.

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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/164/prepub

Title: Children of Senegal River Basin show the highest prevalence of Blastocystissp. ever observed worldwide
Authors: Dima El Safadi
Lobna Gaayeb
Dionigia Meloni
Amandine Cian
Philippe Poirier
Ivan Wawrzyniak
Frédéric Delbac
Fouad Dabboussi
Laurence Delhaes
Modou Seck
Monzer Hamze
Gilles Riveau
Eric Viscogliosi
Publication date: 01-12-2014
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-164

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Children of Senegal River Basin show the highest prevalence of Blastocystissp. ever observed worldwide

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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