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Journal of Neuroinflammation
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Review

Neuroinflammation and psychiatric illness

Authors: Souhel Najjar, Daniel M Pearlman, Kenneth Alper, Amanda Najjar, Orrin Devinsky

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2013

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Abstract

Multiple lines of evidence support the pathogenic role of neuroinflammation in psychiatric illness. While systemic autoimmune diseases are well-documented causes of neuropsychiatric disorders, synaptic autoimmune encephalitides with psychotic symptoms often go under-recognized. Parallel to the link between psychiatric symptoms and autoimmunity in autoimmune diseases, neuroimmunological abnormalities occur in classical psychiatric disorders (for example, major depressive, bipolar, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorders). Investigations into the pathophysiology of these conditions traditionally stressed dysregulation of the glutamatergic and monoaminergic systems, but the mechanisms causing these neurotransmitter abnormalities remained elusive. We review the link between autoimmunity and neuropsychiatric disorders, and the human and experimental evidence supporting the pathogenic role of neuroinflammation in selected classical psychiatric disorders. Understanding how psychosocial, genetic, immunological and neurotransmitter systems interact can reveal pathogenic clues and help target new preventive and symptomatic therapies.
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Metadata
Title
Neuroinflammation and psychiatric illness
Authors
Souhel Najjar
Daniel M Pearlman
Kenneth Alper
Amanda Najjar
Orrin Devinsky
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-10-43

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