Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Infectious Diseases and Therapy 1/2018

Open Access 01-03-2018 | Review

Challenges and Solution of Invasive Aspergillosis in Non-neutropenic Patients: A Review

Authors: Matteo Bassetti, Maddalena Peghin, Antonio Vena

Published in: Infectious Diseases and Therapy | Issue 1/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a serious opportunistic infection, which has increasingly been recognized as an emerging disease of non-neutropenic patients. In this group of patients, the diagnosis of IA can be challenging owing to the lack of specificity of symptoms, the difficulty in discriminating colonization from infection, and the lower sensitivity of microbiological and radiological tests compared with immunocompromised patients. The aim of this article is to present to clinicians a critical review on the management of IA in non-neutropenic patients.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Garcia-Vidal C, Peghin M, Cervera C, et al. Causes of death in a contemporary cohort of patients with invasive aspergillosis. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0120370.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Garcia-Vidal C, Peghin M, Cervera C, et al. Causes of death in a contemporary cohort of patients with invasive aspergillosis. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0120370.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
go back to reference Meersseman W, Vandecasteele SJ, Wilmer A, et al. Invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients without malignancy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;170:621–5.CrossRefPubMed Meersseman W, Vandecasteele SJ, Wilmer A, et al. Invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients without malignancy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;170:621–5.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Cornillet A, Camus C, Nimubona S, et al. Comparison of epidemiological, clinical, and biological features of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic and non-neutropenic patients: a 6-year survey. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:577–84.CrossRefPubMed Cornillet A, Camus C, Nimubona S, et al. Comparison of epidemiological, clinical, and biological features of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic and non-neutropenic patients: a 6-year survey. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:577–84.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Patterson TF, Thompson GR 3rd, Denning DW, et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis: 2016 update by the infectious diseases society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63:e1–60.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Patterson TF, Thompson GR 3rd, Denning DW, et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis: 2016 update by the infectious diseases society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63:e1–60.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
go back to reference Meersseman W, Lagrou K, Maertens J, et al. Invasive aspergillosis in the intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45:205–16.CrossRefPubMed Meersseman W, Lagrou K, Maertens J, et al. Invasive aspergillosis in the intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45:205–16.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Baddley JW, Andes DR, Marr KA, et al. Factors associated with mortality in transplant patients with invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50:1559–67.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Baddley JW, Andes DR, Marr KA, et al. Factors associated with mortality in transplant patients with invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50:1559–67.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
go back to reference Koulenti D, Vogelaers D, Blot S. What’s new in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the critically ill. Intensive Care Med. 2014;40:723–6.CrossRefPubMed Koulenti D, Vogelaers D, Blot S. What’s new in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the critically ill. Intensive Care Med. 2014;40:723–6.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Taccone FS, Van den Abeele AM, Bulpa P, et al. Epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients: clinical presentation, underlying conditions, and outcomes. Crit Care. 2015;19:7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Taccone FS, Van den Abeele AM, Bulpa P, et al. Epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients: clinical presentation, underlying conditions, and outcomes. Crit Care. 2015;19:7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
10.
go back to reference Segal BH, Romani LR. Invasive aspergillosis in chronic granulomatous disease. Med Mycol. 2009;47(Suppl 1):S282–90.CrossRefPubMed Segal BH, Romani LR. Invasive aspergillosis in chronic granulomatous disease. Med Mycol. 2009;47(Suppl 1):S282–90.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference De Pauw B, Walsh TJ, Donnelly JP, et al. Revised definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46:1813–21.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral De Pauw B, Walsh TJ, Donnelly JP, et al. Revised definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46:1813–21.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
go back to reference Blot SI, Taccone FS, Van den Abeele AM, et al. A clinical algorithm to diagnose invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;186:56–64.CrossRefPubMed Blot SI, Taccone FS, Van den Abeele AM, et al. A clinical algorithm to diagnose invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;186:56–64.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Munoz P, Vena A, Ceron I, et al. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in heart transplant recipients: two radiologic patterns with a different prognosis. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2014;33:1034–40.CrossRefPubMed Munoz P, Vena A, Ceron I, et al. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in heart transplant recipients: two radiologic patterns with a different prognosis. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2014;33:1034–40.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Prattes J, Hoenigl M, Krause R, et al. Invasive aspergillosis in patients with underlying liver cirrhosis: a prospective cohort study. Med Mycol. 2017;55(8):803–12.CrossRefPubMed Prattes J, Hoenigl M, Krause R, et al. Invasive aspergillosis in patients with underlying liver cirrhosis: a prospective cohort study. Med Mycol. 2017;55(8):803–12.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Olaechea Astigarraga PM, Alvarez Lerma F. Zaldibar Enriquez E [Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the non-neutropenic critical patient: future challenges]. Med Intensiva. 2006;30:386–91.CrossRefPubMed Olaechea Astigarraga PM, Alvarez Lerma F. Zaldibar Enriquez E [Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the non-neutropenic critical patient: future challenges]. Med Intensiva. 2006;30:386–91.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Maertens JA, Raad II, Marr KA, et al. Isavuconazole versus voriconazole for primary treatment of invasive mould disease caused by Aspergillus and other filamentous fungi (SECURE): a phase 3, randomised-controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2016;387:760–9.CrossRefPubMed Maertens JA, Raad II, Marr KA, et al. Isavuconazole versus voriconazole for primary treatment of invasive mould disease caused by Aspergillus and other filamentous fungi (SECURE): a phase 3, randomised-controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2016;387:760–9.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Marr KA, Schlamm HT, Herbrecht R, et al. Combination antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162:81–9.CrossRefPubMed Marr KA, Schlamm HT, Herbrecht R, et al. Combination antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162:81–9.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Bassetti M, Bouza E. Invasive mould infections in the ICU setting: complexities and solutions. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72:i39–47.CrossRefPubMed Bassetti M, Bouza E. Invasive mould infections in the ICU setting: complexities and solutions. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72:i39–47.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Bretagne S, Marmorat-Khuong A, Kuentz M, et al. Serum Aspergillus galactomannan antigen testing by sandwich ELISA: practical use in neutropenic patients. J Infect. 1997;35:7–15.CrossRefPubMed Bretagne S, Marmorat-Khuong A, Kuentz M, et al. Serum Aspergillus galactomannan antigen testing by sandwich ELISA: practical use in neutropenic patients. J Infect. 1997;35:7–15.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Maertens J, Verhaegen J, Lagrou K, et al. Screening for circulating galactomannan as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for invasive aspergillosis in prolonged neutropenic patients and stem cell transplantation recipients: a prospective validation. Blood. 2001;97:1604–10.CrossRefPubMed Maertens J, Verhaegen J, Lagrou K, et al. Screening for circulating galactomannan as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for invasive aspergillosis in prolonged neutropenic patients and stem cell transplantation recipients: a prospective validation. Blood. 2001;97:1604–10.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Pfeiffer CD, Fine JP, Safdar N. Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis using a galactomannan assay: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:1417–27.CrossRefPubMed Pfeiffer CD, Fine JP, Safdar N. Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis using a galactomannan assay: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:1417–27.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Zhou W, Li H, Zhang Y, et al. Diagnostic value of galactomannan antigen test in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from patients with nonneutropenic invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55:2153–61.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zhou W, Li H, Zhang Y, et al. Diagnostic value of galactomannan antigen test in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from patients with nonneutropenic invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55:2153–61.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
23.
go back to reference Guinea J, Bouza E. Current challenges in the microbiological diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Mycopathologia. 2014;178:403–16.CrossRefPubMed Guinea J, Bouza E. Current challenges in the microbiological diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Mycopathologia. 2014;178:403–16.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Mikulska M, Furfaro E, Viscoli C. Non-cultural methods for the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2015;13:103–17.CrossRefPubMed Mikulska M, Furfaro E, Viscoli C. Non-cultural methods for the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2015;13:103–17.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Oz Y, Aslan M, Aksit F, et al. The effect of clinical characteristics on the performance of galactomannan and PCR for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in febrile neutropenic patients. Mycoses. 2016;59:86–92.CrossRefPubMed Oz Y, Aslan M, Aksit F, et al. The effect of clinical characteristics on the performance of galactomannan and PCR for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in febrile neutropenic patients. Mycoses. 2016;59:86–92.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Kovanda LL, Kolamunnage-Dona R, Neely M, et al. Pharmacodynamics of isavuconazole for invasive mold disease: role of galactomannan for real-time monitoring of therapeutic response. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64:1557–63.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kovanda LL, Kolamunnage-Dona R, Neely M, et al. Pharmacodynamics of isavuconazole for invasive mold disease: role of galactomannan for real-time monitoring of therapeutic response. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64:1557–63.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
27.
go back to reference Neofytos D, Railkar R, Mullane KM, et al. Correlation between circulating fungal biomarkers and clinical outcome in invasive aspergillosis. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0129022.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Neofytos D, Railkar R, Mullane KM, et al. Correlation between circulating fungal biomarkers and clinical outcome in invasive aspergillosis. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0129022.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
28.
go back to reference Chai LY, Kullberg BJ, Johnson EM, et al. Early serum galactomannan trend as a predictor of outcome of invasive aspergillosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2330–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chai LY, Kullberg BJ, Johnson EM, et al. Early serum galactomannan trend as a predictor of outcome of invasive aspergillosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:2330–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
29.
go back to reference Russo A, Giuliano S, Vena A, et al. Predictors of mortality in non-neutropenic patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: does galactomannan have a role? Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014;80:83–6.CrossRefPubMed Russo A, Giuliano S, Vena A, et al. Predictors of mortality in non-neutropenic patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: does galactomannan have a role? Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014;80:83–6.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Karageorgopoulos DE, Vouloumanou EK, Ntziora F, et al. beta-d-glucan assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:750–70.CrossRefPubMed Karageorgopoulos DE, Vouloumanou EK, Ntziora F, et al. beta-d-glucan assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:750–70.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Lu Y, Chen YQ, Guo YL, et al. Diagnosis of invasive fungal disease using serum (1– > 3)-beta-d-glucan: a bivariate meta-analysis. Intern Med. 2011;50:2783–91.CrossRefPubMed Lu Y, Chen YQ, Guo YL, et al. Diagnosis of invasive fungal disease using serum (1– > 3)-beta-d-glucan: a bivariate meta-analysis. Intern Med. 2011;50:2783–91.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Lamoth F, Cruciani M, Mengoli C, et al. Beta-Glucan antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies from the Third European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-3). Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54:633–43.CrossRefPubMed Lamoth F, Cruciani M, Mengoli C, et al. Beta-Glucan antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies from the Third European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-3). Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54:633–43.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Onishi A, Sugiyama D, Kogata Y, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of serum 1,3-beta-d-glucan for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, invasive candidiasis, and invasive aspergillosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:7–15.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Onishi A, Sugiyama D, Kogata Y, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of serum 1,3-beta-d-glucan for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, invasive candidiasis, and invasive aspergillosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:7–15.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
go back to reference Maertens JA, Blennow O, Duarte RF, et al. The current management landscape: aspergillosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016;71:23–9.CrossRef Maertens JA, Blennow O, Duarte RF, et al. The current management landscape: aspergillosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016;71:23–9.CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Theel ES, Jespersen DJ, Iqbal S, et al. Detection of (1, 3)-beta-d-glucan in bronchoalveolar lavage and serum samples collected from immunocompromised hosts. Mycopathologia. 2013;175:33–41.CrossRefPubMed Theel ES, Jespersen DJ, Iqbal S, et al. Detection of (1, 3)-beta-d-glucan in bronchoalveolar lavage and serum samples collected from immunocompromised hosts. Mycopathologia. 2013;175:33–41.CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Arvanitis M, Ziakas PD, Zacharioudakis IM, et al. PCR in diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: a meta-analysis of diagnostic performance. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52:3731–42.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Arvanitis M, Ziakas PD, Zacharioudakis IM, et al. PCR in diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: a meta-analysis of diagnostic performance. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52:3731–42.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
go back to reference White PL, Barnes RA, Springer J, et al. Clinical performance of Aspergillus PCR for testing serum and plasma: a study by the European Aspergillus PCR initiative. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53:2832–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral White PL, Barnes RA, Springer J, et al. Clinical performance of Aspergillus PCR for testing serum and plasma: a study by the European Aspergillus PCR initiative. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53:2832–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
go back to reference Loeffler J, Mengoli C, Springer J, et al. Analytical comparison of in vitro-spiked human serum and plasma for PCR-based detection of Aspergillus fumigatus DNA: a study by the European Aspergillus PCR initiative. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53:2838–45.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Loeffler J, Mengoli C, Springer J, et al. Analytical comparison of in vitro-spiked human serum and plasma for PCR-based detection of Aspergillus fumigatus DNA: a study by the European Aspergillus PCR initiative. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53:2838–45.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
go back to reference Springer J, Morton CO, Perry M, et al. Multicenter comparison of serum and whole-blood specimens for detection of Aspergillus DNA in high-risk hematological patients. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51:1445–50.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Springer J, Morton CO, Perry M, et al. Multicenter comparison of serum and whole-blood specimens for detection of Aspergillus DNA in high-risk hematological patients. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51:1445–50.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
go back to reference Springer J, White PL, Hamilton S, et al. Comparison of performance characteristics of Aspergillus PCR in testing a range of blood-based samples in accordance with international methodological recommendations. J Clin Microbiol. 2016;54:705–11.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Springer J, White PL, Hamilton S, et al. Comparison of performance characteristics of Aspergillus PCR in testing a range of blood-based samples in accordance with international methodological recommendations. J Clin Microbiol. 2016;54:705–11.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
go back to reference Mengoli C, Cruciani M, Barnes RA, et al. Use of PCR for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9:89–96.CrossRefPubMed Mengoli C, Cruciani M, Barnes RA, et al. Use of PCR for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9:89–96.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Imbert S, Gauthier L, Joly I, et al. Aspergillus PCR in serum for the diagnosis, follow-up and prognosis of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic and nonneutropenic patients. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(562):e1–8. Imbert S, Gauthier L, Joly I, et al. Aspergillus PCR in serum for the diagnosis, follow-up and prognosis of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic and nonneutropenic patients. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(562):e1–8.
44.
go back to reference Chong GL, van de Sande WW, Dingemans GJ, et al. Validation of a new Aspergillus real-time PCR assay for direct detection of Aspergillus and azole resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53:868–74.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chong GL, van de Sande WW, Dingemans GJ, et al. Validation of a new Aspergillus real-time PCR assay for direct detection of Aspergillus and azole resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53:868–74.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
45.
go back to reference Held J, Schmidt T, Thornton CR, et al. Comparison of a novel Aspergillus lateral-flow device and the Platelia(R) galactomannan assay for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Infection. 2013;41:1163–9.CrossRefPubMed Held J, Schmidt T, Thornton CR, et al. Comparison of a novel Aspergillus lateral-flow device and the Platelia(R) galactomannan assay for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Infection. 2013;41:1163–9.CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Willinger B, Lackner M, Lass-Florl C, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage lateral-flow device test for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in solid organ transplant patients: a semiprospective multicenter study. Transplantation. 2014;98:898–902.CrossRefPubMed Willinger B, Lackner M, Lass-Florl C, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage lateral-flow device test for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in solid organ transplant patients: a semiprospective multicenter study. Transplantation. 2014;98:898–902.CrossRefPubMed
47.
go back to reference Prattes J, Flick H, Pruller F, et al. Novel tests for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with underlying respiratory diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;190:922–9.CrossRefPubMed Prattes J, Flick H, Pruller F, et al. Novel tests for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with underlying respiratory diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;190:922–9.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Eigl S, Prattes J, Lackner M, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a lateral-flow device test for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in ICU patients. Crit Care. 2015;19:178.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Eigl S, Prattes J, Lackner M, et al. Multicenter evaluation of a lateral-flow device test for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in ICU patients. Crit Care. 2015;19:178.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
go back to reference de Heer K, van der Schee MP, Zwinderman K, et al. Electronic nose technology for detection of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in prolonged chemotherapy-induced neutropenia: a proof-of-principle study. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51:1490–5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral de Heer K, van der Schee MP, Zwinderman K, et al. Electronic nose technology for detection of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in prolonged chemotherapy-induced neutropenia: a proof-of-principle study. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51:1490–5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
50.
go back to reference Koo S, Thomas HR, Daniels SD, et al. A breath fungal secondary metabolite signature to diagnose invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59:1733–40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Koo S, Thomas HR, Daniels SD, et al. A breath fungal secondary metabolite signature to diagnose invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59:1733–40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
51.
go back to reference Domingo MP, Colmenarejo C, Martinez-Lostao L, et al. Bis(methyl)gliotoxin proves to be a more stable and reliable marker for invasive aspergillosis than gliotoxin and suitable for use in diagnosis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;73:57–64.CrossRefPubMed Domingo MP, Colmenarejo C, Martinez-Lostao L, et al. Bis(methyl)gliotoxin proves to be a more stable and reliable marker for invasive aspergillosis than gliotoxin and suitable for use in diagnosis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;73:57–64.CrossRefPubMed
52.
go back to reference Vidal-Garcia M, Domingo MP, De Rueda B, et al. Clinical validity of bis(methylthio)gliotoxin for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016;100:2327–34.CrossRefPubMed Vidal-Garcia M, Domingo MP, De Rueda B, et al. Clinical validity of bis(methylthio)gliotoxin for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016;100:2327–34.CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Dai Z, Zhao H, Cai S, et al. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-neutropenic patients with and without underlying disease: a single-centre retrospective analysis of 52 subjects. Respirology. 2013;18:323–31.CrossRefPubMed Dai Z, Zhao H, Cai S, et al. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-neutropenic patients with and without underlying disease: a single-centre retrospective analysis of 52 subjects. Respirology. 2013;18:323–31.CrossRefPubMed
54.
go back to reference Henzler C, Henzler T, Buchheidt D, et al. Diagnostic performance of contrast enhanced pulmonary computed tomography angiography for the detection of angioinvasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. Sci Rep. 2017;7:4483.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Henzler C, Henzler T, Buchheidt D, et al. Diagnostic performance of contrast enhanced pulmonary computed tomography angiography for the detection of angioinvasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. Sci Rep. 2017;7:4483.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
55.
go back to reference Bassetti M, Carnelutti A, Muser D, et al. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and infectious diseases: current applications and future perspectives. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2017;30:192–200.CrossRefPubMed Bassetti M, Carnelutti A, Muser D, et al. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and infectious diseases: current applications and future perspectives. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2017;30:192–200.CrossRefPubMed
56.
go back to reference Kim JY, Yoo JW, Oh M, et al. (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography findings are different between invasive and noninvasive pulmonary aspergillosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2013;37:596–601.CrossRefPubMed Kim JY, Yoo JW, Oh M, et al. (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography findings are different between invasive and noninvasive pulmonary aspergillosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2013;37:596–601.CrossRefPubMed
57.
go back to reference Hot A, Maunoury C, Poiree S, et al. Diagnostic contribution of positron emission tomography with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose for invasive fungal infections. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17:409–17.CrossRefPubMed Hot A, Maunoury C, Poiree S, et al. Diagnostic contribution of positron emission tomography with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose for invasive fungal infections. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17:409–17.CrossRefPubMed
58.
go back to reference Rolle AM, Hasenberg M, Thornton CR, et al. ImmunoPET/MR imaging allows specific detection of Aspergillus fumigatus lung infection in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113:E1026–33.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Rolle AM, Hasenberg M, Thornton CR, et al. ImmunoPET/MR imaging allows specific detection of Aspergillus fumigatus lung infection in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113:E1026–33.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
59.
go back to reference Marr KA. Empirical antifungal therapy—new options, new tradeoffs. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:278–80.CrossRefPubMed Marr KA. Empirical antifungal therapy—new options, new tradeoffs. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:278–80.CrossRefPubMed
60.
go back to reference Cornely OA, Meems L, Herbrecht R, et al. Randomised, multicentre trial of micafungin vs. an institutional standard regimen for salvage treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Mycoses. 2015;58:58–64.CrossRefPubMed Cornely OA, Meems L, Herbrecht R, et al. Randomised, multicentre trial of micafungin vs. an institutional standard regimen for salvage treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Mycoses. 2015;58:58–64.CrossRefPubMed
61.
go back to reference Cattaneo C, Monte S, Algarotti A, et al. A randomized comparison of caspofungin versus antifungal prophylaxis according to investigator policy in acute leukaemia patients undergoing induction chemotherapy (PROFIL-C study). J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66:2140–5.CrossRefPubMed Cattaneo C, Monte S, Algarotti A, et al. A randomized comparison of caspofungin versus antifungal prophylaxis according to investigator policy in acute leukaemia patients undergoing induction chemotherapy (PROFIL-C study). J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66:2140–5.CrossRefPubMed
62.
go back to reference Hiemenz JW, Raad II, Maertens JA, et al. Efficacy of caspofungin as salvage therapy for invasive aspergillosis compared to standard therapy in a historical cohort. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;29:1387–94.CrossRefPubMed Hiemenz JW, Raad II, Maertens JA, et al. Efficacy of caspofungin as salvage therapy for invasive aspergillosis compared to standard therapy in a historical cohort. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;29:1387–94.CrossRefPubMed
63.
go back to reference Herbrecht R, Denning DW, Patterson TF, et al. Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:408–15.CrossRefPubMed Herbrecht R, Denning DW, Patterson TF, et al. Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:408–15.CrossRefPubMed
64.
go back to reference Ledoux MP, Toussaint E, Denis J, et al. New pharmacological opportunities for the treatment of invasive mould diseases. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72:i48–58.CrossRefPubMed Ledoux MP, Toussaint E, Denis J, et al. New pharmacological opportunities for the treatment of invasive mould diseases. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72:i48–58.CrossRefPubMed
65.
go back to reference Baddley JW, Stephens JM, Ji X, et al. Aspergillosis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients: epidemiology and economic outcomes. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:29.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Baddley JW, Stephens JM, Ji X, et al. Aspergillosis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients: epidemiology and economic outcomes. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:29.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
66.
go back to reference Miceli MH, Kauffman CA. Isavuconazole: a new broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61:1558–65.CrossRefPubMed Miceli MH, Kauffman CA. Isavuconazole: a new broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61:1558–65.CrossRefPubMed
67.
go back to reference Cornely OA, Maertens J, Bresnik M, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B as initial therapy for invasive mold infection: a randomized trial comparing a high-loading dose regimen with standard dosing (AmBiLoad trial). Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44:1289–97.CrossRefPubMed Cornely OA, Maertens J, Bresnik M, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B as initial therapy for invasive mold infection: a randomized trial comparing a high-loading dose regimen with standard dosing (AmBiLoad trial). Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44:1289–97.CrossRefPubMed
68.
go back to reference Altini C, Niccoli Asabella A, Ferrari C, et al. (18)F-FDG PET/CT contribution to diagnosis and treatment response of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Hell J Nucl Med. 2015;18:68–70.PubMed Altini C, Niccoli Asabella A, Ferrari C, et al. (18)F-FDG PET/CT contribution to diagnosis and treatment response of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Hell J Nucl Med. 2015;18:68–70.PubMed
Metadata
Title
Challenges and Solution of Invasive Aspergillosis in Non-neutropenic Patients: A Review
Authors
Matteo Bassetti
Maddalena Peghin
Antonio Vena
Publication date
01-03-2018
Publisher
Springer Healthcare
Published in
Infectious Diseases and Therapy / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 2193-8229
Electronic ISSN: 2193-6382
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-017-0183-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

Infectious Diseases and Therapy 1/2018 Go to the issue