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Neurology and Therapy

Open Access 26-03-2024 | Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis | CASE SERIES

Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in People Living with HIV: Case Report and Literature Review

Authors: Jiangjin Hui, Jinhua Wang, Zhikai Wan, Qing Cao, Bohao Dai, Haiyan Lou, Biao Zhu

Published in: Neurology and Therapy

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Abstract

With the increase in the number of cases of autoimmune encephalitis (AE), the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of people living with HIV (PLWH) showing abnormal behavior, cognitive impairment or abnormal movements should be actively screened for the antibody panel of AE. Early recognition and treatment can prevent severe seizures or coma and markedly improve the prognosis of patients. The first-line immunotherapy for AE includes intravenous methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin. However, whether long-time immunosuppressive maintenance therapy is needed is debated. For PLWH, immunosuppressive therapy and even steroids could be more challenging. Here, we review and summarize the clinical characteristics often reported cases and report one case from our center to improve the diagnosis and treatment of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis in PLWH.
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Metadata
Title
Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in People Living with HIV: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors
Jiangjin Hui
Jinhua Wang
Zhikai Wan
Qing Cao
Bohao Dai
Haiyan Lou
Biao Zhu
Publication date
26-03-2024
Publisher
Springer Healthcare
Published in
Neurology and Therapy
Print ISSN: 2193-8253
Electronic ISSN: 2193-6536
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-024-00594-w