Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Current Obesity Reports
Published in: Current Obesity Reports 4/2018

01-12-2018 | Obesity Treatment (CM Apovian, Section Editor)

Towards an Individualized Nutrition Treatment: Role of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in the Interplay Between Diet and Obesity

Authors: Solveig A. Adalsteinsdottir, Ola K. Magnusdottir, Thorhallur I. Halldorsson, Bryndis E. Birgisdottir

Published in: Current Obesity Reports | Issue 4/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Dietary treatments for obesity have relatively low long-term success. Recent studies have identified the gastrointestinal microbiome as a factor of high relevance. The current knowledge on the interplay between diet, obesity, and the gastrointestinal microbiome and the potential for individualized dietary treatment will be discussed.

Recent Findings

Studies indicate that each individual digests and metabolizes identical food substances differently depending on their gastrointestinal microbiome composition. Factors related to this crosstalk may improve our understanding of weight homeostasis and treatment of obesity.

Summary

Long-time dietary intake is the key in the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome which seems to be an important factor for energy balance, resulting in emerging opportunities for increasingly varied obesity treatment. Compliance to dietary treatment is critical for long-term success as enduring changes in gastrointestinal microbiome seem to slow over time. More research is urgently needed to investigate this missing link in our understanding of obesity.
Literature
1.
Sender R, Fuchs S, Milo R. Are we really vastly outnumbered? Revisiting the ratio of bacterial to host cells in humans. Cell. 2016;164(3):337–40.CrossRef
2.
Aw W, Fukuda S. Understanding the role of the gut ecosystem in diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig. 2018;9(1):5–12.CrossRef
3.
Rooks MG, Garrett WS. Gut microbiota, metabolites and host immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016;16(6):341–52.CrossRef
4.
5.
6.
Wang Y, Beydoun MA. The obesity epidemic in the United States—gender, age, socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and geographic characteristics: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Epidemiol Rev. 2007;29(1):6–28.CrossRef
7.
Nicholson JK, Holmes E, Kinross J, Burcelin R, Gibson G, Jia W, et al. Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions. Science. 2012;1223813.
8.
Dominguez-Bello MG, Costello EK, Contreras M, Magris M, Hidalgo G, Fierer N, et al. Delivery mode shapes the acquisition and structure of the initial microbiota across multiple body habitats in newborns. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2010;107(26):11971–5.CrossRef
9.
Mueller NT, Bakacs E, Combellick J, Grigoryan Z, Dominguez-Bello MG. The infant microbiome development: mom matters. Trends Mol Med. 2015;21(2):109–17.CrossRef
10.
Felice VD, O’Mahony SM. The microbiome and disorders of the central nervous system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2017;160:1–13.CrossRef
11.
• Alou MT, Lagier J-C, Raoult D. Diet influence on the gut microbiota and dysbiosis related to nutritional disorders. Human Microbiome Journal. 2016;1:3–11 A basic paper describing the importance of the intestinal microflora for human health in general and what changes in different disease states. It also gives a good overview of known dietary aspects of importance in this regard.CrossRef
12.
•• Mulders R, de Git K, Schéle E, Dickson S, Sanz Y, Adan R. Microbiota in obesity: interactions with enteroendocrine, immune and central nervous systems. Obes Rev. 2018;19(4):435–51 An important paper highlighting the role of the diet and microbiota interaction in relation to production of short-chain fatty acids, systemic inflammation and intestinal permeability, and potential use of this knowledge in preventive and theraputic strategies.CrossRef
13.
Pekmez CT, Dragsted LO, Brahe LK. Gut microbiota alterations and dietary modulation in childhood malnutrition – the role of short chain fatty acids. Clinical Nutrition. 2018 2018/02/17/.
14.
Ley RE, Bäckhed F, Turnbaugh P, Lozupone CA, Knight RD, Gordon JI. Obesity alters gut microbial ecology. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2005;102(31):11070–5.CrossRef
15.
•• Zeevi D, Korem T, Zmora N, Israeli D, Rothschild D, Weinberger A, et al. Personalized nutrition by prediction of glycemic responses. Cell. 2015;163(5):1079–94 A paper giving first indications on being able to predict glycemic responses of individuals partially based on the intestinal microflora composition but also blood parameters, dietary habits, anthropometrics, and physical activity, through algorithmic calculations in a groundbreaking study including 800 participants.CrossRef
16.
• Sonnenburg JL, Bäckhed F. Diet–microbiota interactions as moderators of human metabolism. Nature. 2016;535(7610):56 A well composed paper pulling together knowledge from human and animal studies in relation to microbiota and obesity and pointing to gut microbiota as a mediator of dietary impact, hinting towards future personalized nutrition.CrossRef
17.
Leong KS, Derraik JG, Hofman PL, Cutfield WS. Antibiotics, gut microbiome and obesity. Clin Endocrinol. 2018;88(2):185–200.CrossRef
18.
Baothman OA, Zamzami MA, Taher I, Abubaker J, Abu-Farha M. The role of gut microbiota in the development of obesity and diabetes. Lipids Health Dis. 2016;15(1):108.CrossRef
19.
Duranti S, Ferrario C, van Sinderen D, Ventura M, Turroni F. Obesity and microbiota: an example of an intricate relationship. Genes Nutr. 2017;12(1):18.CrossRef
20.
Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1027–31.CrossRef
21.
Araújo JR, Tomas J, Brenner C, Sansonetti PJ. Impact of high-fat diet on the intestinal microbiota and small intestinal physiology before and after the onset of obesity. Biochimie. 2017;141:97–106.CrossRef
22.
David LA, Maurice CF, Carmody RN, Gootenberg DB, Button JE, Wolfe BE, et al. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2014;505(7484):559–63.CrossRef
23.
Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Nilsson A, Akrami R, Lee YS, De Vadder F, Arora T, et al. Dietary fiber-induced improvement in glucose metabolism is associated with increased abundance of Prevotella. Cell Metab. 2015;22(6):971–82.CrossRef
24.
•• Flint HJ, Duncan SH, Louis P. The impact of nutrition on intestinal bacterial communities. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2017;38:59–65 A study pulling together known influences of diet on the composition of the gut microbiota in relation to health. Calling for more studies into especially the metabolic capabilities and host interaction with the dominant members of the gut microbiota.CrossRef
25.
• Thaiss CA, Itav S, Rothschild D, Meijer MT, Levy M, Moresi C, et al. Persistent microbiome alterations modulate the rate of post-dieting weight regain. Nature. 2016;540(7634):544 A study hinting towards an explanation relating to the microbiome for regaining of weight after dieting and that microbiome-targeting approaches might be used.CrossRef
26.
Bashiardes S, Godneva A, Elinav E, Segal E. Towards utilization of the human genome and microbiome for personalized nutrition. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2018;51:57–63.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Towards an Individualized Nutrition Treatment: Role of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in the Interplay Between Diet and Obesity
Authors
Solveig A. Adalsteinsdottir
Ola K. Magnusdottir
Thorhallur I. Halldorsson
Bryndis E. Birgisdottir
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Obesity Reports / Issue 4/2018
Electronic ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-018-0321-z

Other articles of this Issue 4/2018

Current Obesity Reports 4/2018 Go to the issue

Psychological Issues (V Drapeau and S Sogg, Section Editors)

Obesity and Sexual Functioning

Psychological Issues (V Drapeau and S Sogg, Section Editors)

Bipolar Disorder and Obesity: Contributing Factors, Impact on Clinical Course, and the Role of Bariatric Surgery

Obesity Treatment (CM Apovian, Section Editor)

Epidemiology of Obesity in Adults: Latest Trends

Metabolism (M Dalamaga, Section Editor)

Classic and Novel Adipocytokines at the Intersection of Obesity and Cancer: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies

Metabolism (M Dalamaga, Section Editor)

Risk Factors and Implications of Childhood Obesity

HOT TOPIC

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Bangladesh: a Systematic Review of the Literature

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Cardiology Video

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Watch now

Watch official videos from the ACC congress summarizing key highlights from the last year in heart failure, cardiomyopathies, valvular disease, pulmonary vascular disease, and pediatric cardiology.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits