Published in:
01-06-2015 | Original Article
Toxicity of Millettia ferruginea darasana (family: Fabaceae) against the larvae and adult ticks of Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius a three-host tick in cattle
Published in: Journal of Parasitic Diseases | Issue 2/2015
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The in vitro toxicity of Millettia ferruginea darasana (family: Fabaceae) was tested against the larvae adult male and female of a three-host tick, Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius (family: Ixodidae or hard tick), known as ‘tropical bont tick’ parasitic mainly to cattle found in Ethiopia and other equatorial Africa. The 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 % concentrations of the seed oil extracted with petroleum ether were found to kill all (100 % mortality) larvae after 12, 9, 6, 3 and 1.5 h respectively. The results summarized in the Table 1 was found to be statistically significant at the probability level of p = 0.05. The 100 % concentration of the oil caused 100 % mortality of adult male, adult female and fully engorged female tick after 5, 7 and 12 h respectively. The root and root bark showed less toxicity. The leaves did not show any toxicity.
Table 1
Toxicity of the seed oil extracted with petroleum ether against the larvae of Amblyomma variegatum at different concentrations and every 1.5 h interval of time
Plate No. | Amount of oil taken (ml, %) | Total number of dead larvae with SD and % mortality | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.5 h | 3 h | 4.5 h | 6 h | 7.5 h | 9 h | 10.5 h | 12 h | ||
1 | Water (1 ml,0 %) control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | ||
2 | 0.2 (20 %) | 0 | 2 ± 0.5 | 5 ± 0.82 | 8 ± 0.82 | 11 ± 0.58 | 12 ± 0.82 | 13 ± 0.96 | 15 ± 1.41 |
0 % | 13 % | 33 % | 53 % | 73 % | 80 % | 87 % | 100 % | ||
3 | 0.4 (40 %) | 2 ± 0.82 | 3 ± 0.5 | 6 ± 0.96 | 9 ± 0.58 | 12 ± 0.82 | 15 ± 0.96 | ||
13 % | 20 % | 40 % | 60 % | 80 % | 100 % | ||||
4 | 0.6 (60 %) | 5 ± 0.96 | 8 ± 0.82 | 11 ± 0.58 | 15 ± 0.5 | ||||
33 % | 53 % | 73 % | 100 % | ||||||
5 | 0.8 (80 %) | 9 ± 0.82 | 15 ± 1.29 | ||||||
60 % | 100 % | ||||||||
6 | 1.0 (100 %) | 15 ± 0.5 | |||||||
100 % | |||||||||