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Endocrine

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29-08-2022 | Thyroid Disease | Review

Adverse perinatal conditions and the developmental origins of thyroid dysfunction—Lessons from Animal Models

Authors: Rosiane Aparecida Miranda, Egberto Gaspar de Moura, Patrícia Cristina Lisboa

Published in: Endocrine | Issue 2/2023

Abstract

Purpose

Nutritional, hormonal, and environmental status during development can predispose the individual to obesity and endocrine diseases later in life, an association known as metabolic programming. In general, weight loss or gain are seen in thyroid disorders, and thyroid function can be affected by body adiposity. In addition, hyper- and hypothyroidism can be related to metabolic programming. Our aim was to gather evidence that regardless of the type or critical window of metabolic imprinting, offspring exposed to certain adverse perinatal conditions have a higher risk of developing thyroid dysfunction.

Methods

We reviewed literature data that relate insults occurring during pregnancy and/or lactation to short- and long-term offspring thyroid dysfunction in animal models.

Results

Few studies have addressed the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis and thyroid dysfunction related to metabolic programming. The literature shows that under- and overnutrition, exposure to endocrine disruptors, early weaning, maternal thyroid disease and maternal high-fat diet can induce alterations in offspring thyroid function in a sex-dependent manner.

Conclusion

Based on the few available data, mainly in rodent models, we can conclude that diet, hormones, and environmental contaminants are related to the developmental origins of later thyroid dysfunction by interrupting the normal maturation of the thyroid gland.

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Title: Adverse perinatal conditions and the developmental origins of thyroid dysfunction—Lessons from Animal Models
Authors: Rosiane Aparecida Miranda
Egberto Gaspar de Moura
Patrícia Cristina Lisboa
Publication date: 29-08-2022
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Thyroid Disease
Thyroid Disease
Lactation
Hypothyroidism
Published in: Endocrine / Issue 2/2023
Print ISSN: 1355-008X
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0100
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-022-03177-7

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