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Current Rheumatology Reports
Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports 3/2021

Open Access 01-03-2021 | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (G Tsokos, Section Editor)

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Children and Young People

Authors: A. Charras, E. Smith, M.D., C.M. Hedrich

Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports | Issue 3/2021

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus ((j)SLE) is an autoimmune/inflammatory disease that results in significant damage and disability. When compared to patients with disease onset in adulthood, jSLE patients exhibit increased disease activity, damage and require more aggressive treatments. This manuscript summarises age-specific pathogenic mechanisms and underscores the need for age group–specific research, classification and treatment.

Recent Findings

Genetic factors play a significant role in the pathophysiology of jSLE, as > 7% of patients develop disease as a result of single gene mutations. Remaining patients carry genetic variants that are necessary for disease development, but require additional factors. Increased ‘genetic impact’ likely contributes to earlier disease onset and more severe phenotypes. Epigenetic events have only recently started to be addressed in jSLE, and add to the list of pathogenic mechanisms that may serve as biomarkers and/or treatment targets. To allow meaningful and patient-oriented paediatric research, age-specific classification criteria and treatment targets require to be defined as currently available tools established for adult-onset SLE have limitations in the paediatric cohort.

Summary

Significant progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of jSLE. Meaningful laboratory and clinical research can only be performed using age group–specific tools, classification criteria and treatment targets.
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Metadata
Title
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Children and Young People
Authors
A. Charras
E. Smith, M.D.
C.M. Hedrich
Publication date
01-03-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Rheumatology Reports / Issue 3/2021
Print ISSN: 1523-3774
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6307
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-021-00985-0

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