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Current Osteoporosis Reports

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01-12-2016 | Bone and Diabetes (A Schwartz and P Vestergaard, Section Editors)

Effects of Type 1 Diabetes on Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, and Osteoclasts

Authors: Evangelia Kalaitzoglou, Iuliana Popescu, R. Clay Bunn, John L. Fowlkes, Kathryn M. Thrailkill

Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports | Issue 6/2016

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To describe the effects of type 1 diabetes on bone cells.

Recent findings

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with low bone mineral density, increased risk of fractures, and poor fracture healing. Its effects on the skeleton were primarily attributed to impaired bone formation, but recent data suggests that bone remodeling and resorption are also compromised. The hyperglycemic and inflammatory environment associated with T1D impacts osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. The mechanisms involved are complex; insulinopenia, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and alterations in gene expression are a few of the contributing factors leading to poor osteoblast activity and survival and, therefore, poor bone formation. In addition, the observed sclerostin level increase accompanied by decreased osteocyte number and enhanced osteoclast activity in T1D results in uncoupling of bone remodeling.

Summary

T1D negatively impacts osteoblasts and osteocytes, whereas its effects on osteoclasts are not well characterized, although the limited studies available indicate increased osteoclast activity, favoring bone resorption.

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Title: Effects of Type 1 Diabetes on Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, and Osteoclasts
Authors: Evangelia Kalaitzoglou
Iuliana Popescu
R. Clay Bunn
John L. Fowlkes
Kathryn M. Thrailkill
Publication date: 01-12-2016
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports / Issue 6/2016
Print ISSN: 1544-1873
Electronic ISSN: 1544-2241
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-016-0329-9

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Springer Medicine

Effects of Type 1 Diabetes on Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, and Osteoclasts

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent findings

Summary

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent findings

Summary

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