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Current Hypertension Reports

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01-04-2017 | GUT MICROBIOME, SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND HYPERTENSION (MK RAIZADA AND EM RICHARDS, SECTION EDITORS)

The Gut Microbiome, Energy Homeostasis, and Implications for Hypertension

Authors: Ruth A. Riedl, Samantha N. Atkinson, Colin M. L. Burnett, Justin L. Grobe, John R. Kirby

Published in: Current Hypertension Reports | Issue 4/2017

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The influence of gut bacteria upon host physiology is increasingly recognized, but mechanistic links are lacking. Diseases of energetic imbalance such as obesity and diabetes represent major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Thus, here, we review current mechanistic contributions of the gut microbiota to host energetics.

Recent Findings

Gut bacteria generate a multitude of small molecules which can signal to host tissues within and beyond the gastrointestinal tract to influence host physiology, and gut bacteria can also influence host digestive efficiency by altering the bioavailability of polysaccharides, yet the quantitative energetic effects of these processes remain unclear. Recently, our team has demonstrated that gut bacteria constitute a major anaerobic thermogenic biomass, which can quantitatively account for obesity.

Summary

Quantitative understanding of the mechanisms by which gut bacteria influence energy homeostasis may ultimately inform the relationship between gut bacteria and cardiovascular dysfunction.

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Title: The Gut Microbiome, Energy Homeostasis, and Implications for Hypertension
Authors: Ruth A. Riedl
Samantha N. Atkinson
Colin M. L. Burnett
Justin L. Grobe
John R. Kirby
Publication date: 01-04-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Hypertension Reports / Issue 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1522-6417
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3111
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-017-0721-6

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Abstract

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Recent Findings

Summary

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