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Current Diabetes Reports
Published in: Current Diabetes Reports 5/2013

01-10-2013 | Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes (D Dabelea, Section Editor)

Human Intestinal Microbiota and Type 1 Diabetes

Author: Outi Vaarala

Published in: Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 5/2013

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Abstract

The role of intestinal microbiota in immune-mediated diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, has deservedly received a lot of attention. Evidently, changes in the intestinal microbiota are associated with type 1 diabetes as demonstrated by recent studies. Children with beta-cell autoimmunity have shown low abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria and increase in the abundance of members of the Bacteroidetes phylum in fecal microbiota. These alterations could explain increased gut permeability, subclinical small intestinal inflammation, and dysregulation of oral tolerance in type 1 diabetes. However, these studies do not provide evidence of the causative role of the gut microbiota in the development of beta-cell autoimmunity, yet. In animal models, the composition of gut microbiota modulates the function of both innate and adaptive immunity, and intestinal bacteria are regulators of autoimmune diabetes. Thus, prevention of type 1 diabetes could, in the future, be based on the interventions targeted to the gut microbiota.
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Metadata
Title
Human Intestinal Microbiota and Type 1 Diabetes
Author
Outi Vaarala
Publication date
01-10-2013
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-013-0409-5

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