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Current Diabetes Reports
Published in: Current Diabetes Reports 5/2013

01-10-2013 | Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes (D Dabelea, Section Editor)

Novel Diabetes Autoantibodies and Prediction of Type 1 Diabetes

Authors: Janet M. Wenzlau, John C. Hutton

Published in: Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 5/2013

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Abstract

Autoantibodies are currently the most robust biomarkers of type 1 diabetes and are frequently used to establish entry criteria for the participation of genetically at-risk individuals in secondary prevention/intervention clinical trials. Since their original description almost 40 years ago, considerable efforts have been devoted toward identifying the precise molecular targets that are recognized. Such information can have significant benefit for developing improved metrics for identifying/stratifying of at-risk subjects, developing potential therapeutic targets, and advancing understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. Currently, four major molecular targets ([pro]insulin, GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8) have been confirmed, with approximately 94% of all subjects with a clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes expressing autoantibodies to at least one of these molecules at clinical onset. In this review, we summarize some of the salient properties of these targets that might contribute to their autoantigenicity and methods that have been used in attempts to identify new components of the humoral autoresponse.
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Metadata
Title
Novel Diabetes Autoantibodies and Prediction of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors
Janet M. Wenzlau
John C. Hutton
Publication date
01-10-2013
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-013-0405-9

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