Published in:
01-04-2019 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Access to HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Practice Settings: a Qualitative Study of Sexual and Gender Minority Adults’ Perspectives
Published in: Journal of General Internal Medicine | Issue 4/2019
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Background
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations remain at disproportionate risk of HIV infection. Despite the effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV, PrEP uptake has been slow.
Objective
To identify barriers and facilitators of PrEP access by examining SGM patients’ experiences with accessing health care systems and engaging with providers about PrEP in a variety of practice settings.
Design
Semi-structured, individual, qualitative interviews.
Participants
Twenty-seven sexual and gender minority adults residing in Oregon.
Approach
Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Key Results
We identified three main themes. Participants described the centrality of patient-provider relationships to positive experiences around PrEP, the necessity of personally advocating to access PrEP, and the experience of system-level barriers to PrEP access. Participants also made several suggestions to improve PrEP access including improving provider engagement with SGM patients, encouraging providers to initiate conversations about PrEP, and increasing awareness of medication financial support.
Conclusions
In order to reduce HIV disparities, improving PrEP access will require additional efforts by providers and resources across health care settings to reduce barriers. Interventions to improve provider education about PrEP and provider communication skills for discussing sexual health are needed. Additionally, there should be system-level improvements to increase coordination between patients, providers, pharmacies, and payers to facilitate PrEP access and uptake.