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Sleep and Breathing

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07-07-2021 | Sleep Apnea | Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article

Interactions of central and autonomic nervous systems in patients with sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome during sleep

Authors: Tingting Wang, Juan Yang, Yingjie Song, Feng Pang, Xinwen Guo, Yuxi Luo

Published in: Sleep and Breathing | Issue 2/2022

Abstract

Purpose

Sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) is an independent risk factor for various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but the underlying relationship of its physiological subsystems remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of SAHS on central and autonomic nervous system (CNS-ANS) interactions during sleep.

Methods

Thirty-five patients with SAHS and 19 healthy age-matched controls underwent overnight polysomnography. The absolute spectral powers of five frequency bands from six EEG channels and ECG morphological features (HR, PR interval, QT interval) were calculated. Multivariable transfer entropy was applied to analyze the differences of the CNS-ANS network interactions between patients with SAHS of different severities and healthy controls during deep, light, and rapid eye movement sleep.

Results

The CNS-ANS network interacted bidirectionally in all researched groups, with the cardiac information modulating the brain activity. The information strength from QT to most EEG components and PR to some EEG components was significantly affected by SAHS severity during light sleep, which indicates the coupling features of QT-brain nodes are important indicators. The driver effects from the β-band significantly increased in patients with SAHS.

Conclusions

Respiratory events may be the main reason for the CNS-ANS interaction changes in SAHS. These findings help explain the physiological regulation process of SAHS and provide valuable information for analysis of the development of SAHS-related cardiovascular and chronic diseases.

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the interval between two adjacent R peaks;

the interval from the start of the P-wave to the start of the QRS complex;

the interval from the start of the QRS complex to the end of the T-wave.

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Title: Interactions of central and autonomic nervous systems in patients with sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome during sleep
Authors: Tingting Wang
Juan Yang
Yingjie Song
Feng Pang
Xinwen Guo
Yuxi Luo
Publication date: 07-07-2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Sleep Apnea
Electroencephalography
Published in: Sleep and Breathing / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Electronic ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-021-02429-6

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