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Published in: Sleep and Breathing 4/2012

01-12-2012 | Review Article

Restless legs syndrome: a comprehensive overview on its epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment

Authors: Paul Yeh, Arthur S. Walters, John W. Tsuang

Published in: Sleep and Breathing | Issue 4/2012

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Abstract

Purposes

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is underdiagnosed and poorly understood by clinicians and the general public alike; accordingly, a broad literature review with information most relevant to general practice is needed to help dispel misconceptions and improve level of care.

Methods

Specifically, this review comprehensively provides an epidemiological analysis of RLS and examines the risk factors and treatment options for RLS by compiling the findings of past RLS studies. These RLS studies were identified through a retrospective PubMed search. The epidemiological analysis was conducted by calculating a weighted mean average of all the relevant general population RLS prevalence studies, separated into geographical/racial categories.

Results

A comprehensive analysis of RLS epidemiological studies finds the prevalence rate of RLS to be 5–15% in the general population with 2.5% of adults having symptoms severe enough to require medical intervention. Some of the risk factors for RLS include female gender, pregnancy, low iron levels, lower socioeconomic status, poor health, elderly age, comorbidity with Parkinson’s disease, positive family history of RLS, and comorbidity with psychiatric disorders. A wide array of treatment options exist for RLS including pharmacological and nonpharmacologic interventions.

Conclusions

Clinicians’ understanding of RLS enigma has recently improved due to the increased intensity of RLS research over the past decade. This review summarizes the current findings in the RLS field as well as providing guidelines for future RLS-related research.
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Metadata
Title
Restless legs syndrome: a comprehensive overview on its epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment
Authors
Paul Yeh
Arthur S. Walters
John W. Tsuang
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Sleep and Breathing / Issue 4/2012
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Electronic ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-011-0606-x

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