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Molecular Imaging and Biology
Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology 3/2019

01-06-2019 | Research Article

Optical Redox Imaging of Lonidamine Treatment Response of Melanoma Cells and Xenografts

Authors: He N. Xu, Min Feng, Kavindra Nath, David Nelson, Jeff Roman, Huaqing Zhao, Zhenwu Lin, Jerry Glickson, Lin Z. Li

Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology | Issue 3/2019

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Abstract

Purpose

Fluorescence of co-enzyme reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and oxidized flavoproteins (Fp) provides a sensitive measure of the mitochondrial redox state and cellular metabolism. By imaging NADH and Fp, we investigated the utility of optical redox imaging (ORI) to monitor cellular metabolism and detect early metabolic response to cancer drugs.

Procedures

We performed ORI of human melanoma DB-1 cells in culture and DB-1 mouse xenografts to detect the redox response to lonidamine (LND) treatment.

Results

For cultured cells, LND treatment for 45 min significantly lowered NADH levels with no significant change in Fp, resulting in a significant increase in the Fp redox ratio (Fp/(NADH+Fp)); 3-h prolonged treatment led to a decrease in NADH and an increase in Fp and a more oxidized redox state compared to control. Significant decrease in the mitochondrial redox capacity of LND-treated cells was observed for the first time. For xenografts, 45-min LND treatment resulted in a significant reduction of NADH content, no significant changes in Fp content, and a trend of increase in the Fp redox ratio. Intratumor redox heterogeneity was observed in both control and LND-treated groups.

Conclusion

Our results support the utility of ORI for evaluating cellular metabolism and monitoring early metabolic response to cancer drugs.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Optical Redox Imaging of Lonidamine Treatment Response of Melanoma Cells and Xenografts
Authors
He N. Xu
Min Feng
Kavindra Nath
David Nelson
Jeff Roman
Huaqing Zhao
Zhenwu Lin
Jerry Glickson
Lin Z. Li
Publication date
01-06-2019
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Molecular Imaging and Biology / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 1536-1632
Electronic ISSN: 1860-2002
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-018-1258-z

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