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01-10-2018 | Original paper

Impact of individual and neighborhood factors on socioeconomic disparities in localized and advanced prostate cancer risk

Authors: Mindy C. DeRouen, Clayton W. Schupp, Juan Yang, Jocelyn Koo, Andrew Hertz, Salma Shariff-Marco, Myles Cockburn, David O. Nelson, Sue A. Ingles, Iona Cheng, Esther M. John, Scarlett L. Gomez

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 10/2018

Abstract

Purpose

The reasons behind socio-economic disparities in prostate cancer incidence remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that individual-level factors act jointly with neighborhood-level social and built environment factors to influence prostate cancer risk and that specific social and built environment factors contribute to socio-econmic differences in risk.

Methods

We used multi-level data, combining individual-level data (including education and known prostate cancer risk factors) for prostate cancer cases (n = 775) and controls (n = 542) from the San Francisco Bay Area Prostate Cancer Study, a population-based case–control study, with contextual-level data on neighborhood socio-economic status (nSES) and specific social and built environment factors from the California Neighborhoods Data System. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to compute adjusted odds ratios separately for localized and advanced stage prostate cancer while controlling for neighborhood clustering.

Results

We found a more than twofold increased risk of both localized and advanced prostate cancer with increasing levels of nSES, and decreased risk of advanced prostate cancer with increasing levels of education. For localized disease, the nSES association was largely explained by known prostate cancer risk factors and specific neighborhood environment factors; population density, crowding, and residential mobility. For advanced disease, associations with education and nSES were not fully explained by any available individual- or neighborhood-level factors.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate the importance of specific neighborhood social and built environment factors in understanding risk of localized prostate cancer. Further research is needed to understand the factors underpinning the associations between individual- and neighborhood-level SES and risk of advanced prostate cancer.

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Title: Impact of individual and neighborhood factors on socioeconomic disparities in localized and advanced prostate cancer risk
Authors: Mindy C. DeRouen
Clayton W. Schupp
Juan Yang
Jocelyn Koo
Andrew Hertz
Salma Shariff-Marco
Myles Cockburn
David O. Nelson
Sue A. Ingles
Iona Cheng
Esther M. John
Scarlett L. Gomez
Publication date: 01-10-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 10/2018
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-018-1071-7

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Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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