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Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
Published in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 1/2019

01-01-2019 | Review

Male breast cancer: a disease distinct from female breast cancer

Authors: Ayca Gucalp, Tiffany A. Traina, Joel R. Eisner, Joel S. Parker, Sara R. Selitsky, Ben H. Park, Anthony D. Elias, Edwina S. Baskin-Bey, Fatima Cardoso

Published in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Purpose

Male breast cancer (BC) is rare, representing approximately 1% of cancers that occur in men and approximately 1% of all BCs worldwide. Because male BC is rare, not much is known about the disease, and treatment recommendations are typically extrapolated from data available from clinical trials enrolling female BC patients.

Methods

We review the epidemiology, risk factors, prognosis, and the varied molecular and clinicopathologic features that characterize male BC. In addition, we summarize the available data for the use of systemic therapy in the treatment of male BC and explore the ongoing development of targeted therapeutic agents for the treatment of this subgroup of BCs.

Results

There are important biological differences between male and female BC. Male BC is almost exclusively hormone receptor positive (+), including the androgen receptor (AR), and is associated with an increased prevalence of BRCA2 germline mutations, especially in men with increased risk for developing high-risk BC. Additional research is warranted to better characterize male BC. To accomplish this, a multi-national consortium approach, such as the International Male Breast Cancer Program, is needed in response to the scarcity of patients. This approach allows the pooling of information from a large number of men with BC and the creation of registries for future therapeutic-focused clinical trials.

Conclusions

Given the unique biology of BC in men, promising new therapeutic targets are currently under investigation, including the use of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors or AR-targeted agents either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents.
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Metadata
Title
Male breast cancer: a disease distinct from female breast cancer
Authors
Ayca Gucalp
Tiffany A. Traina
Joel R. Eisner
Joel S. Parker
Sara R. Selitsky
Ben H. Park
Anthony D. Elias
Edwina S. Baskin-Bey
Fatima Cardoso
Publication date
01-01-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment / Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 0167-6806
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7217
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-018-4921-9

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