Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research 2/2020

01-03-2020 | Care | Original Article

Supporting Physical–Behavioral Health Integration Using Medicaid Managed Care Organizations

Authors: Ashley Palmer, Anne Rossier Markus

Published in: Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research | Issue 2/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

This paper describes key findings of two states that sought to integrate physical and behavioral health services by delivering them through one Medicaid managed care contract. The purpose was to explore how managed care organizations (MCOs) could improve physical and behavioral health integration. Promising practices include leveraging data accumulated by MCOs about beneficiaries to support providers and enhanced case management, encouraging MCOs to pay providers for care coordination and care collocation, and offering protections to providers and beneficiaries. Finally, in the absence of a shared vision among key stakeholders regarding how to best promote integrated care, a state can make progress by promoting stakeholder innovation.
Literature
go back to reference Archer, J., Bower, P., Gilbody, S., Lovell, K., Richards, D., Gask, L., et al. (2012). Collaborative care for depression and anxiety problems (review). The Cochrane Collaboration,10, CD006525. Archer, J., Bower, P., Gilbody, S., Lovell, K., Richards, D., Gask, L., et al. (2012). Collaborative care for depression and anxiety problems (review). The Cochrane Collaboration,10, CD006525.
go back to reference Caswell, K. J., & Long, S. K. (2015). The expanding role of managed care in the Medicaid program: Implications for health care access, use, and expenditures for nonelderly adults. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing,52, 0046958015575524.PubMed Caswell, K. J., & Long, S. K. (2015). The expanding role of managed care in the Medicaid program: Implications for health care access, use, and expenditures for nonelderly adults. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing,52, 0046958015575524.PubMed
go back to reference Cook, J. A., Fitzgibbon, G., Burke-Miller, J., Williams, M., Kim, J. B., Heflinger, C. A.,… & Stein-Seroussi, A. (2004). A multi-site study of Medicaid-funded managed care versus fee-for-service plans’ effects on mental health service utilization of children with severe emotional disturbance. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 31(4), 384-402 Cook, J. A., Fitzgibbon, G., Burke-Miller, J., Williams, M., Kim, J. B., Heflinger, C. A.,… & Stein-Seroussi, A. (2004). A multi-site study of Medicaid-funded managed care versus fee-for-service plans’ effects on mental health service utilization of children with severe emotional disturbance. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 31(4), 384-402
go back to reference Cummings, N. A., O’Donohue, W. T., & Cummings, J. L. (2009). The financial dimension of integrated behavioral/primary care. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings,16(1), 31–39.CrossRef Cummings, N. A., O’Donohue, W. T., & Cummings, J. L. (2009). The financial dimension of integrated behavioral/primary care. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings,16(1), 31–39.CrossRef
go back to reference Cunningham, P. J. (2009). Beyond parity: Primary care physicians’ perspectives on access to mental health care. Health Affairs,28(3), w490–w501.CrossRef Cunningham, P. J. (2009). Beyond parity: Primary care physicians’ perspectives on access to mental health care. Health Affairs,28(3), w490–w501.CrossRef
go back to reference Dickey, B., & Hocine, A. (1996). Persons with dual diagnoses of substance abuse and major mental illness: Their excess costs of psychiatric care. American Journal of Public Health,86(7), 973–977.CrossRef Dickey, B., & Hocine, A. (1996). Persons with dual diagnoses of substance abuse and major mental illness: Their excess costs of psychiatric care. American Journal of Public Health,86(7), 973–977.CrossRef
go back to reference Fossett, J. W., Goggin, M., Hall, J. S., Johnston, J., Plein, L. C., Roper, R., et al. (2000). Managing medicaid managed care: Are states becoming prudent purchasers? The hard reality of what it takes for states to take on the prudent-purchasing role, as seen in a five-state study. Health Affairs,19(4), 36–49.CrossRef Fossett, J. W., Goggin, M., Hall, J. S., Johnston, J., Plein, L. C., Roper, R., et al. (2000). Managing medicaid managed care: Are states becoming prudent purchasers? The hard reality of what it takes for states to take on the prudent-purchasing role, as seen in a five-state study. Health Affairs,19(4), 36–49.CrossRef
go back to reference Framework, A. P. M. (2016). Alternative Payment Model (APM) Framework: Final White Paper. Framework, A. P. M. (2016). Alternative Payment Model (APM) Framework: Final White Paper.
go back to reference Frank, R. G., & Glied, S. A. (2006). Better but not well: Mental health policy in the United States since 1950. Baltimore: JHU Press. Frank, R. G., & Glied, S. A. (2006). Better but not well: Mental health policy in the United States since 1950. Baltimore: JHU Press.
go back to reference Green, J. & Thorogood, N. (2018). Qualitative methods for health research. Sage. Green, J. & Thorogood, N. (2018). Qualitative methods for health research. Sage.
go back to reference Howell, E. M., Palmer, A., & Adams, F. (2012). Medicaid and CHIP risk-based managed care in 20 States. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute. Howell, E. M., Palmer, A., & Adams, F. (2012). Medicaid and CHIP risk-based managed care in 20 States. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.
go back to reference Koike, A., Klap, R., & Unützer, J. (2000). Utilization management in a large managed behavioral health organization. Psychiatric Services,51(5), 621–626.CrossRef Koike, A., Klap, R., & Unützer, J. (2000). Utilization management in a large managed behavioral health organization. Psychiatric Services,51(5), 621–626.CrossRef
go back to reference Monson, S. P., Sheldon, J. C., Ivey, L. C., Kinman, C. R., & Beacham, A. O. (2012). Working toward financial sustainability of integrated behavioral health services in a public health care system. Families, Systems, & Health,30(2), 181.CrossRef Monson, S. P., Sheldon, J. C., Ivey, L. C., Kinman, C. R., & Beacham, A. O. (2012). Working toward financial sustainability of integrated behavioral health services in a public health care system. Families, Systems, & Health,30(2), 181.CrossRef
go back to reference Palmer, A., Howell, E., Kenney, G. M., Abraham, P., & Costich, J. (2013). Risk-based managed care in kentucky: A second year implementation report and assessment of beneficiary perceptions. Washington, DC: Urban Institute. Palmer, A., Howell, E., Kenney, G. M., Abraham, P., & Costich, J. (2013). Risk-based managed care in kentucky: A second year implementation report and assessment of beneficiary perceptions. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
go back to reference Raghavan, R., Leibowitz, A. A., Andersen, R. M., Zima, B. T., Schuster, M. A., & Landsverk, J. (2006). Effects of Medicaid managed care policies on mental health service use among a national probability sample of children in the child welfare system. Children and Youth Services Review,28(12), 1482–1496.CrossRef Raghavan, R., Leibowitz, A. A., Andersen, R. M., Zima, B. T., Schuster, M. A., & Landsverk, J. (2006). Effects of Medicaid managed care policies on mental health service use among a national probability sample of children in the child welfare system. Children and Youth Services Review,28(12), 1482–1496.CrossRef
go back to reference Ray, W. A., Daugherty, J. R., & Meador, K. G. (2003). Effect of a mental health “carve-out” program on the continuity of antipsychotic therapy. New England Journal of Medicine,348(19), 1885–1894.CrossRef Ray, W. A., Daugherty, J. R., & Meador, K. G. (2003). Effect of a mental health “carve-out” program on the continuity of antipsychotic therapy. New England Journal of Medicine,348(19), 1885–1894.CrossRef
go back to reference Ridgely, M. S., Mulkern, V., Giard, J., & Shern, D. (2002). State mental health policy: Critical elements of public-sector managed behavioral health programs for severe mental illness in five states. Psychiatric Services,53(4), 397–399.CrossRef Ridgely, M. S., Mulkern, V., Giard, J., & Shern, D. (2002). State mental health policy: Critical elements of public-sector managed behavioral health programs for severe mental illness in five states. Psychiatric Services,53(4), 397–399.CrossRef
go back to reference Rieckmann, T., Abraham, A., Zwick, J., Rasplica, C., & McCarty, D. (2015). A longitudinal study of state strategies and policies to accelerate evidence-based practices in the context of systems transformation. Health Services Research,50(4), 1125–1145.CrossRef Rieckmann, T., Abraham, A., Zwick, J., Rasplica, C., & McCarty, D. (2015). A longitudinal study of state strategies and policies to accelerate evidence-based practices in the context of systems transformation. Health Services Research,50(4), 1125–1145.CrossRef
go back to reference Robst, J. (2012). Changes in antipsychotic medication use after implementation of a Medicaid mental health carve-out in the US. Pharmacoeconomics,30(5), 387–396.CrossRef Robst, J. (2012). Changes in antipsychotic medication use after implementation of a Medicaid mental health carve-out in the US. Pharmacoeconomics,30(5), 387–396.CrossRef
go back to reference Schramm, W. (1971). Notes on case studies of instructional media projects. Washington, D.C.: Academy of Educational Development. Schramm, W. (1971). Notes on case studies of instructional media projects. Washington, D.C.: Academy of Educational Development.
go back to reference Simeone, J. C., Marcoux, R. M., & Quilliam, B. J. (2010). Cost and utilization of behavioral health medications associated with rescission of an exemption for prior authorization for severe and persistent mental illness in the Vermont Medicaid program. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy,16(5), 317–328.CrossRef Simeone, J. C., Marcoux, R. M., & Quilliam, B. J. (2010). Cost and utilization of behavioral health medications associated with rescission of an exemption for prior authorization for severe and persistent mental illness in the Vermont Medicaid program. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy,16(5), 317–328.CrossRef
go back to reference Smith, V. K., Gifford, K., Ellis, E., Rudowitz, R., Snyder, L., & Hinton, E. (2015). Medicaid reforms to expand coverage, control costs and improve care: Results from a 50-state Medicaid budget survey for state fiscal years 2015 and 2016. Washington, DC: Kaiser Family Foundation. Smith, V. K., Gifford, K., Ellis, E., Rudowitz, R., Snyder, L., & Hinton, E. (2015). Medicaid reforms to expand coverage, control costs and improve care: Results from a 50-state Medicaid budget survey for state fiscal years 2015 and 2016. Washington, DC: Kaiser Family Foundation.
go back to reference Soper, M. H. (2016). Integrating behavioral health into medicaid managed care: Design and implementation lessons from state innovators. Incorporated: Center for Health Care Strategies. Soper, M. H. (2016). Integrating behavioral health into medicaid managed care: Design and implementation lessons from state innovators. Incorporated: Center for Health Care Strategies.
go back to reference Soper, M. H., Matulis, R., & Menschner, C. (2017). Moving toward value-based payment for medicaid behavioral health services. Center for Health Care Strategies. Soper, M. H., Matulis, R., & Menschner, C. (2017). Moving toward value-based payment for medicaid behavioral health services. Center for Health Care Strategies.
go back to reference Sparer, M. (2012). Medicaid managed care: Costs, access, and quality of care. Princeton, NJ: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Sparer, M. (2012). Medicaid managed care: Costs, access, and quality of care. Princeton, NJ: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
go back to reference Stewart, M. T., Horgan, C. M., Quinn, A. E., Garnick, D. W., Reif, S., Creedon, T. B., et al. (2017). The role of health plans in supporting behavioral health integration. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research,44(6), 967–977.CrossRef Stewart, M. T., Horgan, C. M., Quinn, A. E., Garnick, D. W., Reif, S., Creedon, T. B., et al. (2017). The role of health plans in supporting behavioral health integration. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research,44(6), 967–977.CrossRef
go back to reference Weiss, J. A. (1999). Theoretical foundations of policy intervention. In F. G. Frederickson & J. Johnston (Eds.), Public management and innovation and reform (pp. 37–69). Birmingham: University of Alabama Press. Weiss, J. A. (1999). Theoretical foundations of policy intervention. In F. G. Frederickson & J. Johnston (Eds.), Public management and innovation and reform (pp. 37–69). Birmingham: University of Alabama Press.
go back to reference Weissman, E., Pettigrew, K., Sotsky, S., & Regier, D. A. (2000). The cost of access to mental health services in managed care. Psychiatric Services,51(5), 664–666.CrossRef Weissman, E., Pettigrew, K., Sotsky, S., & Regier, D. A. (2000). The cost of access to mental health services in managed care. Psychiatric Services,51(5), 664–666.CrossRef
go back to reference Yin, R. K. (2017). Case study research and applications: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks: Sage publications. Yin, R. K. (2017). Case study research and applications: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks: Sage publications.
Metadata
Title
Supporting Physical–Behavioral Health Integration Using Medicaid Managed Care Organizations
Authors
Ashley Palmer
Anne Rossier Markus
Publication date
01-03-2020
Publisher
Springer US
Keyword
Care
Published in
Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research / Issue 2/2020
Print ISSN: 0894-587X
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3289
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-019-00986-3

Other articles of this Issue 2/2020

Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research 2/2020 Go to the issue