Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
AIDS and Behavior
Published in: AIDS and Behavior 11/2018

01-11-2018 | Original Paper

But Everyone is Doing It (Sort of)! Perceived Sexual Risks in the Social Environment and the Impact on Homeless Youth Engagement in Concurrent Sexual Relationships

Authors: Hsun-Ta Hsu, Anthony Fulginiti, Eric Rice, Harmony Rhoades, Hailey Winetrobe, Laura Danforth

Published in: AIDS and Behavior | Issue 11/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Although homeless youth are likely to engage in concurrent sexual relationships and doing so can accelerate HIV transmission, the issue of sexual concurrency (i.e., having sexual partnerships that overlap in time) has received scarce attention in this vulnerable population. The literature that exists tends to focus on individuals’ characteristics that may be associated with concurrency and overlooks the influence of their social environment. Informed by the risk amplification and abatement model (RAAM), this study explored the association between pro-social and problematic social network connections, and sexual concurrency among homeless youth using drop-in center services (N = 841). Nearly 37% of youth engaged in concurrency. Partially consistent with the RAAM, regression analyses showed that affiliation with more problematic ties (i.e., having more network members who practice concurrency and unprotected sex) was associated with greater sexual concurrency. Programs addressing HIV risk among homeless youth in drop-in centers should consider the role youths’ network composition may play in concurrency.
Literature
1.
White House Office of National AIDS Policy. National HIV/AIDS strategy for the United States: updated to 2020. Washington DC: White House Office of National AIDS Policy; 2015.
2.
3.
Edidin JP, Ganim Z, Hunter SJ, Karnik NS. The mental and physical health of homeless youth: a literature review. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2012;43(3):354–75.CrossRef
4.
Allen DM, Lehman JS, Green TA, Lindegren ML, Onorato IM, Forrester W. HIV infection among homeless adults and runaway youth, United States, 1989–1992. AIDS. 1994;8(11):1593–8.CrossRef
5.
Beech BM, Myers L, Beech DJ, Kernick NS. Human immunodeficiency syndrome and hepatitis B and C infections among homeless adolescents. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2003;14(1):12–9.CrossRef
6.
Luna GC, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Street youth and the AIDS pandemic. AIDS Educ Prev. 1991;4(1):1–3.
7.
Pfeifer RW, Oliver J. A study of HIV seroprevalence in a group of homeless youth in Hollywood. California. J Adolesc Health. 1997;20(5):339–42.CrossRef
8.
Stricof RL, Kennedy JT, Nattell TC, Weisfuse IB, Novick LF. HIV seroprevalence in a facility for runaway and homeless adolescents. Am J Public Health. 1991;81(Suppl):50–3.CrossRef
9.
Sweeney P, Lindegren ML, Buehler JW, Onorato IM, Janssen RS. Teenagers at risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Results from seroprevalence surveys in the United States. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995;149(5):521–8.CrossRef
10.
DiClemente RJ. Epidemiology of AIDS, HIV prevalence, and HIV incidence among adolescents. J Sch Health. 1992;62(7):325–30.CrossRef
11.
Walters AS. HIV prevention in street youth. J Adolesc Health. 1999;25(3):187–98.CrossRef
12.
Tucker JS, Wenzel SL, Kennedy DP, Golinelli D, Ewing B. Sex trade behavior among heterosexually active homeless men. Arch Sex Behav. 2013;42(8):1535–44.CrossRef
13.
Walls NE, Bell S. Correlates of engaging in survival sex among homeless youth and young adults. J Sex Res. 2011;48(5):423–36.CrossRef
14.
Vogenthaler NS, Kushel MB, Hadley C, Frongillo EA, Riley ED, Bangsberg DR, et al. Food insecurity and risky sexual behaviors among homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals in San Francisco. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(5):1688–93.CrossRef
15.
Ennett ST, Federman EB, Bailey SL, Ringwalt CL, Hubbard ML. HIV-risk behaviors associated with homelessness characteristics in youth. J Adolesc Health. 1999;25(5):344–53.CrossRef
16.
MacKellar DA, Valleroy LA, Hoffmann JP, et al. Gender differences in sexual behaviors and factors associated with nonuse of condoms among homeless and runaway youths. AIDS Educ Prev. 2000;12(6):477–91.PubMed
17.
Yates GL, MacKenzie R, Pennbridge J, Cohen E. A risk profile comparison of runaway and non-runaway youth. AJPH. 1988;78(7):820–1.CrossRef
18.
Tevendale HD, Lightfoot M, Slocum SL. Individual and environmental protective factors for risky sexual behavior among homeless youth: an exploration of gender differences. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(1):154–64.CrossRef
19.
Tucker JS, Ryan GW, Golinelli D, et al. Substance use and other risk factors for unprotected sex: results from an event-based study of homeless youth. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(6):1699–707.CrossRef
20.
Manhart LE, Aral SO, Holmes KK, Foxman B. Sex partner concurrency: measurement, prevalence, and correlates among urban 18–39-year-olds. J Sex Transm Dis. 2002;29(3):133–43.CrossRef
21.
Watts CH, May RM. The influence of concurrent partnerships on the dynamics of HIV/AIDS. Math Biosci. 1992;108(1):89–104.CrossRef
22.
Morris M, Kretzschmar M. Concurrent partnerships and the spread of HIV. AIDS. 1997;11(5):641–8.CrossRef
23.
Morris M, Kretzschmar M. Concurrent partnerships and transmission dynamics in networks. Soc Netw. 1995;17(3–4):299–318.CrossRef
24.
Hudson CP. Concurrent partnerships could cause AIDS epidemics. Int J STD AIDS. 1993;4(5):249–53.CrossRef
25.
Epstein H, Morris M. Concurrent partnerships and HIV: an inconvenient truth. J Int AIDS Soc. 2011;14(1):13.CrossRef
26.
Ghani AC, Swinton J, Garnett GP. The role of sexual partnership networks in the epidemiology of gonorrhea. Sex Transm Dis. 1997;24(1):45–56.CrossRef
27.
Potterat JJ, Zimmerman-Rogers H, Muth SQ, et al. Chlamydia transmission: concurrency, reproduction number, and the epidemic trajectory. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150(12):1331–9.CrossRef
28.
Hudson CP. AIDS in rural Africa: a paradigm for HIV-1 prevention. Int J STD AIDS. 1996;7(4):236–43.CrossRef
29.
Doherty IA, Schoenbach VJ, Adimora AA. Condom use and duration of concurrent partnerships among men in the United States. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36(5):265–72.CrossRef
30.
Brady SS, Tschann JM, Ellen JM, Flores E. Infidelity, trust, and condom use among Latino youth in dating relationships. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36(4):227231.CrossRef
31.
Gorbach PM, Stoner BP, Aral SO, Whittington WL, Holmes KK. “It takes a village”: understanding concurrent sexual partnerships in Seattle. Washington. Sex Transm Dis. 2002;29(8):453–62.CrossRef
32.
Lenoir CD, Adler NE, Borzekowski DL, Tschann JM, Ellen JM. What you don’t know can hurt you: perceptions of sex-partner concurrency and partner-reported behavior. J Adolesc Health. 2006;38(3):179–85.CrossRef
33.
Drumright LN, Gorbach PM, Holmes KK. Do people really know their sex partners? Concurrency, knowledge of partner behavior, and sexually transmitted infections within partnerships. Sex Transm Dis. 2004;31(7):437–42.CrossRef
34.
Gorbach PM, Drumright LN, Holmes KK. Discord, discordance, and concurrency: comparing individual and partnership-level analyses of new partnerships of young adults at risk of sexually transmitted infections. Sex Transm Dis. 2005;32(1):7–12.CrossRef
35.
Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Bonas DM, Martinson FE, Donaldson KH, Stancil TR. Concurrent sexual partnerships among women in the United States. Epidemiology. 2002;13(3):320–7.CrossRef
36.
Doherty IA, Minnis A, Auerswald CL, Adimora AA, Padian NS. Concurrent partnerships among adolescents in a Latino community: the Mission District of San Francisco. California. Sex Transm Dis. 2007;34(7):437–43.PubMed
37.
Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Martinson FE, Donaldson KH, Stancil TR, Fullilove RE. Concurrent partnerships among rural African Americans with recently reported heterosexually transmitted HIV infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;34(4):423–9.CrossRef
38.
Flom PL, Friedman SR, Kottiri BJ, et al. Stigmatized drug use, sexual partner concurrency, and other sex risk network and behavior characteristics of 18-to 24-year-old youth in a high-risk neighborhood. Sex Transm Dis. 2001;28(10):598–607.CrossRef
39.
Viner RM, Ozer EM, Denny S, et al. Adolescence and the social determinants of health. The Lancet. 2012;379(9826):1641–52.CrossRef
40.
Song EY, Smiler AP, Wagoner KG, Wolfson M. Everyone says it’s OK: adolescents’ perceptions of peer, parent, and community alcohol norms, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related consequences. Subst Use Misuse. 2012;47(1):86–98.CrossRef
41.
Elkington KS, Bauermeister JA, Zimmerman MA. Do parents and peers matter? A prospective socio-ecological examination of substance use and sexual risk among African American youth. J Adolesc. 2011;34(5):1035–47.CrossRef
42.
Bandura A. Social cognitive theory. In: Van Lange PAM, Kruglanski AW, Higgins ET, editors. Handbook of theories of social psychology, vol. 1. London: Sage; 2012. p. 349–73.
43.
Glanz K, Rimer BK. Theory at a glance: a guide for health promotion practice. Bethesda, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute; 1997.
44.
Valente TW. Social networks and health: models, methods, and applications. New York: Oxford University Press; 2010.CrossRef
45.
Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 1991;50(2):179–211.CrossRef
46.
Montano D, Kasprzyk D. Theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behavior, and the integrated behavioral model. In: Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K, editors. Health behavior: theory, research and practice. 5th ed. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 2015. p. 95–124.
47.
Ell K. Social networks, social support, and health status: a review. Soc Serv Rev. 1984;58(1):133–49.CrossRef
48.
Milburn NG, Rice E, Rotheram-Borus MJ, et al. Adolescents exiting homelessness over two years: the risk amplification and abatement model. J Res Adolesc. 2009;19(4):762–85.CrossRef
49.
Rice E, Milburn NG, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Pro-social and problematic social network influences on HIV/AIDS risk behaviours among newly homeless youth in Los Angeles. AIDS Care. 2007;19(5):697–704.CrossRef
50.
Rice E, Stein JA, Milburn N. Countervailing social network influences on problem behaviors among homeless youth. J Adolesc. 2008;31(5):625–39.CrossRef
51.
Rice E, Milburn NG, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Mallett S, Rosenthal D. The effects of peer group network properties on drug use among homeless youth. Am Behav Sci. 2005;48(8):1102–23.CrossRef
52.
Rice E. The positive role of social networks and social networking technology in the condom-using behaviors of homeless young people. Public Health Rep. 2010;125(4):588–95.CrossRef
53.
Tucker JS, Hu J, Golinelli D, Kennedy DP, Green HD, Wenzel SL. Social network and individual correlates of sexual risk behavior among homeless young men who have sex with men. J Adolesc Health. 2012;51(4):386–92.CrossRef
54.
Tyler KA. Social network characteristics and risky sexual and drug related behaviors among homeless young adults. Soc Sci Res. 2008;37(2):673–85.CrossRef
55.
Ennett ST, Bailey SL, Federman EB. Social network characteristics associated with risky behaviors among runaway and homeless youth. J Health Soc Behav. 1999;40:63–78.CrossRef
56.
Rice E, Barman-Adhikari A, Milburn NG, Monro W. Position-specific HIV risk in a large network of homeless youths. Am J Public Health. 2012;102(1):141–7.CrossRef
57.
Martino SC, Tucker JS, Ryan G, Wenzel SL, Golinelli D, Munjas B. Increased substance use and risky sexual behavior among migratory homeless youth: exploring the role of social network composition. J Youth Adolesc. 2011;40(12):1634–48.CrossRef
58.
Kennedy DP, Tucker JS, Green HD, Golinelli D, Ewing B. Unprotected sex of homeless youth: results from a multilevel dyadic analysis of individual, social network, and relationship factors. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(7):2015–32.CrossRef
59.
Wenzel SL, Rhoades H, Hsu HT, et al. Behavioral health and social normative influence: correlates of concurrent sexual partnering among heterosexually-active homeless men. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(7):2042–50.CrossRef
60.
Wang K, Brown K, Shen SY, Tucker J. Social network-based interventions to promote condom use: a systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(7):1298.CrossRef
61.
Rice E, Yoshioka-Maxwell A. Social network analysis as a toolkit for the science of social work. J Soc Social Work Res. 2015;6(3):369–83.CrossRef
62.
Morton MH, Dworsky A, Matjasko JL, Curry SR, Schlueter D, Chávez R, Farrell AF. Prevalence and correlates of youth homelessness in the United States. J Adolesc Health. 2018;62(1):14–21.CrossRef
63.
64.
Slesnick N, Feng X, Guo X, Brakenhoff B, Carmona J, Murnan A, Cash S, McRee AL. A test of outreach and drop-in linkage versus shelter linkage for connecting homeless youth to services. Prev Sci. 2016;17(4):450–60.CrossRef
65.
Joniak EA. Exclusionary practices and the delegitimization of client voice: how staff create, sustain, and escalate conflict in a drop-in center for street kids. Am Behav Sci. 2005;48(8):961–88.CrossRef
66.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC HIV prevention strategic plan: extended through 2010 Atlanta. GA: CDC Stacks; 2007.
67.
Glynn JR, Dube A, Kayuni N, et al. Measuring concurrency: an empirical study of different methods in a large population-based survey and evaluation of the UNAIDS guidelines. AIDS. 2012;26(8):977–85.CrossRef
68.
Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Doherty IA. Concurrent sexual partnerships among men in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(12):2230–7.CrossRef
69.
Rogers SM, Khan MR, Tan S, Turner CF, Miller WC, Erbelding E. Incarceration, high-risk sexual partnerships and sexually transmitted infections in an urban population. Sex Transm Infect. 2012;88(1):63–8.CrossRef
70.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Trends in HIV-related risk behaviors among high school students-United States, 1991–2011. Atlanta, GA: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Report No. 29, 27 July 2012.
71.
Cameron RP, Gusman D. The primary care PTSD screen (PC-PTSD): development and operating characteristics. Primary Care Psychiatry. 2003;9(1):9–14.
72.
Radloff LS. The use of the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale in adolescents and young adults. J Youth Adolesc. 1991;20(2):149–66.CrossRef
73.
Bradley KL, Bagnell AL, Brannen CL. Factorial validity of the center for epidemiological studies depression 10 in adolescents. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2010;31(6):408–12.CrossRef
74.
US Department of Health and Human Services. NIAAA council approves definition of binge drinking. Washington, DC: Office of Research Translation and Communications, NIAAA, NIH, DHHS. Report No. 04-5346. 2004.
75.
Rew L, Grady M, Whittaker TA, Bowman K. Interaction of duration of homelessness and gender on adolescent sexual health indicators. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2008;40(2):109–15.CrossRef
76.
White IR, Royston P, Wood AM. Multiple imputation using chained equations: issues and guidance for practice. Stat Med. 2011;30(4):377–99.CrossRef
77.
Huisman M. Imputation of missing network data: some simple procedures. JoSS. 2009;10(1):1–29.
78.
Kossinets G. Effects of missing data in social networks. Soc Netw. 2006;28(3):247–68.CrossRef
79.
Smith JA, Moody J. Structural effects of network sampling coverage I: nodes missing at random. Soc Netw. 2013;35(4):652–68.CrossRef
80.
Fulginiti A, Rice E, Hsu HT, Rhoades H, Winetrobe H. A social network analysis of network position, exposure, and suicidal ideation among homeless youth. Crisis. 2016;37(3):184–93.CrossRef
81.
Whitbeck LB, Hoyt DR, Yoder KA. A risk-amplification model of victimization and depressive symptoms among runaway and homeless adolescents. Am J Commun Psychol. 1999;27(2):273–96.CrossRef
82.
Kennedy DP, Osilla KC, Hunter SB, Golinelli D, Hernandez EM, Tucker JS. A pilot test of a motivational interviewing social network intervention to reduce substance use among housing first residents. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2018;86:36–44.CrossRef
83.
Rotheram-Borus MJ, Song J, Gwadz M, Lee M, Van Rossem R, Koopman C. Reductions in HIV risk among runaway youth. Prev Sci. 2003;4(3):173–87.CrossRef
84.
Tucker JS, D’Amico EJ, Ewing BA, Miles JN, Pedersen ER. A group-based motivational interviewing brief intervention to reduce substance use and sexual risk behavior among homeless young adults. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2017;76:20–7.CrossRef
85.
DiIorio C, McCarty F, Resnicow K, Lehr S, Denzmore P. REAL men: a group-randomized trial of an HIV prevention intervention for adolescent boys. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(6):1084–9.CrossRef
86.
Reyna VF, Mills BA. Theoretically motivated interventions for reducing sexual risk taking in adolescence: a randomized controlled experiment applying fuzzy-trace theory. J Exp Psychol. 2014;143(4):1627.CrossRef
87.
Iannotti RJ, Bush PJ. Perceived vs. actual friends’ use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and cocaine: which has the most influence? J Youth Adolesc. 1992;21(3):375–89.CrossRef
88.
Martens MP, Page JC, Mowry ES, Damann KM, Taylor KK, Cimini MD. Differences between actual and perceived student norms: an examination of alcohol use, drug use, and sexual behavior. J Am Coll Health. 2006;54(5):295–300.CrossRef
89.
Ajzen I. From intentions to actions: a theory of planned behavior. In: Kuhl J, Jurgen B, editors. Action control: from cognition to behavior. 1st ed. Heidelberg: Springer; 1985. p. 11–39.CrossRef
90.
Barman-Adhikari A, Rice E, Winetrobe H, Petering R. Social network correlates of methamphetamine, heroin, and cocaine use in a sociometric network of homeless youth. J Soc Soc Work Res. 2015;6(3):433–57.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
But Everyone is Doing It (Sort of)! Perceived Sexual Risks in the Social Environment and the Impact on Homeless Youth Engagement in Concurrent Sexual Relationships
Authors
Hsun-Ta Hsu
Anthony Fulginiti
Eric Rice
Harmony Rhoades
Hailey Winetrobe
Laura Danforth
Publication date
01-11-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
AIDS and Behavior / Issue 11/2018
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2133-2

Other articles of this Issue 11/2018

AIDS and Behavior 11/2018 Go to the issue

Brief Report

Correlates of Serodiscordant Condomless Anal Intercourse Among Virologically Detectable HIV-Positive Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

Original Paper

Motivated Reasoning and HIV Risk? Views on Relationships, Trust, and Risk from Young Women in Cape Town, South Africa, and Implications for Oral PrEP

Original Paper

Trends in Awareness and Use of HIV PrEP Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men who have Sex with Men in Vancouver, Canada 2012–2016

Original Paper

The Role of Social Relationships in PrEP Uptake and Use Among Transgender Women and Men Who Have Sex with Men

Original Paper

Sexual Sensation Seeking: A Validated Scale for Spanish Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual People

Original Paper

Facilitators and Barriers to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use Among Black Individuals in the United States: Results from the National Survey on HIV in the Black Community (NSHBC)

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch now

Watch this official video from ACC.24 to hear Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits