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01-07-2016 | Original Article

Tumor-associated macrophages and angiogenesis in early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Authors: Youichi Kumagai, Jun Sobajima, Morihiro Higashi, Toru Ishiguro, Minoru Fukuchi, Kei-ichiro Ishibashi, Erito Mochiki, Koji Yakabi, Tatsuyuki Kawano, Jun-ichi Tamaru, Hideyuki Ishida

Published in: Esophagus | Issue 3/2016

Abstract

Background

The association between angiogenesis and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is unclear. Mononuclear cell infiltration was reported to induce angiogenesis in early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods

The study materials included 14 samples of normal squamous epithelium, 11 samples of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 64 samples of superficial esophageal cancer (M1 and M2 cancer 27; M3 or deeper cancer 37). We assessed microvessel density (MVD) using CD34 and CD105 immunostaining and monocyte count (MC) using CD68 and CD163 immunostaining in relation to the histological type or grade of mononuclear cell infiltration, as well as the correlation between MVD and MC.

Results

MVD and MC increased in accordance with histological type, and the differences were significant (P < 0.001). MVD and MC were significantly higher in M1 and M2 lesions than in normal squamous epithelium (P < 0.05). MVD (CD34 and CD105) and MC (CD68 and CD163) were significantly correlated with the degree of mononuclear cell infiltration (P < 0.001), and there was a strong correlation between MC assessed using CD68 and MC assessed using CD163 (rS = 0.93, P < 0.001). The CD163/CD68 ratio did not differ significantly according to histological type. There was a significant correlation between MVD assessed using CD105 and MC assessed using CD68 (rS = 0.69, P < 0.001) and CD163 (rS = 0.67, P < 0.001). MVD assessed using CD34 was also significantly correlated with MC assessed using both CD68 (rS = 0.59, P < 0.001) and CD163 (rS = 0.57, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The number of TAMs is significantly associated with the development of neovasculature in the early stage of ESCC progression.

The depth of invasion of superficial esophageal carcinoma is expressed in accordance with the sub-classification criteria of the Japan Esophageal Society (Guidelines for clinical and pathologic studies on carcinoma of the esophagus) [1].

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Title: Tumor-associated macrophages and angiogenesis in early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Youichi Kumagai
Jun Sobajima
Morihiro Higashi
Toru Ishiguro
Minoru Fukuchi
Kei-ichiro Ishibashi
Erito Mochiki
Koji Yakabi
Tatsuyuki Kawano
Jun-ichi Tamaru
Hideyuki Ishida
Publication date: 01-07-2016
Publisher: Springer Japan
Published in: Esophagus / Issue 3/2016
Print ISSN: 1612-9059
Electronic ISSN: 1612-9067
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-015-0520-6

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Tumor-associated macrophages and angiogenesis in early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

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Conclusion

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