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European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases

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01-05-2022 | Respiratory Microbiota | Review

The interplay between anticancer challenges and the microbial communities from the gut

Authors: Claire Amaris Hobson, Stéphane Bonacorsi, André Baruchel, Olivier Tenaillon, André Birgy

Published in: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases | Issue 5/2022

Abstract

Cancer being an increasing burden on human health, the use of anticancer drugs has risen over the last decades. The physiological effects of these drugs are not only perceived by the host’s cells but also by the microbial cells it harbors as commensals, notably the gut microbiota. Since the early ‘50 s, the cytotoxicity of anticancer chemotherapy was evaluated on bacteria revealing some antimicrobial activities that result in an established perturbation of the gut microbiota. This perturbation can affect the host’s health through dysbiosis, which can lead to multiple complications, but has also been shown to have a direct effect on the treatment efficiency.

We, therefore, conducted a review of literature focusing on this triangular relationship involving the microbial communities from the gut, the host’s disease, and the anticancer treatment. We focused specifically on the antimicrobial effects of anticancer chemotherapy, their impact on mutagenesis in bacteria, and the perspectives of using bacteria-based tools to help in the diagnostic and treatment of cancer.

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Title: The interplay between anticancer challenges and the microbial communities from the gut
Authors: Claire Amaris Hobson
Stéphane Bonacorsi
André Baruchel
Olivier Tenaillon
André Birgy
Publication date: 01-05-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Respiratory Microbiota
Published in: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases / Issue 5/2022
Print ISSN: 0934-9723
Electronic ISSN: 1435-4373
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-022-04435-2

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The interplay between anticancer challenges and the microbial communities from the gut

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