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Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 3/2019

01-09-2019 | Metastasis | Original Article

The expression of melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGE-A) in oral squamous cell carcinoma: an evaluation of the significance for tumor prognosis

Authors: Anna Trippel, Frank Halling, Paul Heymann, Mustafa Ayna, Bilal Al-Nawas, Thomas Ziebart

Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | Issue 3/2019

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Abstract

Objectives

Melanoma-associated antigens A had been detected repeatedly in oral squamous cell carcinoma, but not in healthy mucosa. Additionally, patients with MAGE-A expressing cancers are regarded to have a worse survival prognosis, so that MAGE-A are supposed to be part of carcinogenesis. Which role these antigens fulfill within OSCC is still, up today, largely unknown. This study examines the hypothesis that MAGE-A is being produced in OSCC but not in mucosa tissue and if MAGE-A has any correlation to clinical patient’s parameters like tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, overall survival, and recurrence.

Materials and methods

For this purpose, 50 tumor samples and 39 mucosa samples were analyzed by means of PCR and immunohistochemical staining with the antibody 6C1.

Results

Forty of 41 stained tumor samples showed a positive antibody reaction with a maximum staining rate of 53%. Sixteen mucosa samples showed a mild positive reaction. The PCR revealed a linear expression pattern of MAGE-A in which the genes are proportionally expressed in OSCC. We did not find any relationship between MAGE-A and tumor size, overall survival, or recurrence. There was also no connection between MAGE-A and tumor parameters Hif-1 and LDH. Their expression was detected tendentially in tumors with higher staging, advanced lymph node metastasis, and rising age of the patients. The genes MAGE-A3+6 and MAGE-A4 had a statistically significant correlation with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.007 and p = 0.004). Patients got distant metastasis and influence of MAGE-A on metastatic behavior could not be verified. The genes MAGE-A3 and -A4 are consequently qualified as tumor markers in the field of diagnosis and follow-up of OSCC.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Two genes have great potential as target proteins in immunotherapy. The genes MAGE-A3+6 and MAGE-A4 had a statistically significant correlation with lymph node metastasis.
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Metadata
Title
The expression of melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGE-A) in oral squamous cell carcinoma: an evaluation of the significance for tumor prognosis
Authors
Anna Trippel
Frank Halling
Paul Heymann
Mustafa Ayna
Bilal Al-Nawas
Thomas Ziebart
Publication date
01-09-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 1865-1550
Electronic ISSN: 1865-1569
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-019-00778-x

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