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01-04-2019 | Dengue Virus | Original Article

Evaluation of anti-dengue activity of Carica papaya aqueous leaf extract and its role in platelet augmentation

Authors: Navita Sharma, Kamla Prasad Mishra, Sudipta Chanda, Varun Bhardwaj, Himanshi Tanwar, Lilly Ganju, Bhuvnesh Kumar, Shashi Bala Singh

Published in: Archives of Virology | Issue 4/2019

Abstract

Dengue disease is characterized by a marked decrease in platelet count, which is life threatening. In the present study, we investigated the antiviral activity of an aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaves (PLE) against dengue virus (DENV) and its effect on platelet augmentation. The anti-dengue activity of PLE in DENV-infected THP-1 cells was examined by immunoblotting and flow cytometry. The effect of PLE on erythrocyte damage was investigated using hemolytic and anti-hemolytic assays. Virus-infected THP-1 cells were assayed for IFN-α secretion. The effect of PLE on platelet augmentation in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced thrombocytopenia was also investigated. The platelet count of blood from the retro-orbital plexus of rats was determined on the 1^st, 4^th, 7^th, 11^th and 14^th day of study. On the 14^th day, the rats were sacrificed for histopathological examination of the liver, kidney and spleen. Plasma of thrombocytopenic rats was tested for thrombopoietin (TPO) and IL-6 secretion. The data suggest that PLE significantly decreases the expression of the envelope and NS1 proteins in DENV-infected THP-1 cells. A marked decrease in intracellular viral load upon PLE treatment confirmed its antiviral activity. This also resulted in a significant decrease in erythrocyte damage and hydrogen-peroxide-induced lipid peroxidation. A significant increase in the number of platelets was found in thrombocytopenic rats treated with PLE, along with an increase in IL-6 and TPO levels. These findings suggest that PLE can potentially be used as an antiviral agent, as it helps in platelet augmentation and exhibits antiviral activity against DENV.

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Title: Evaluation of anti-dengue activity of Carica papaya aqueous leaf extract and its role in platelet augmentation
Authors: Navita Sharma
Kamla Prasad Mishra
Sudipta Chanda
Varun Bhardwaj
Himanshi Tanwar
Lilly Ganju
Bhuvnesh Kumar
Shashi Bala Singh
Publication date: 01-04-2019
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Keywords: Dengue Virus
Thrombocytopenia
Published in: Archives of Virology / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0304-8608
Electronic ISSN: 1432-8798
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04179-z

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