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Journal of Gastroenterology
Published in: Journal of Gastroenterology 7/2017

01-07-2017 | Review

TGF-β in inflammatory bowel disease: a key regulator of immune cells, epithelium, and the intestinal microbiota

Authors: Sozaburo Ihara, Yoshihiro Hirata, Kazuhiko Koike

Published in: Journal of Gastroenterology | Issue 7/2017

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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined as chronic intestinal inflammation, and includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of IBD, and the condition is characterized by aberrant mucosal immune reactions to intestinal microbes in genetically susceptible hosts. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is an immune-suppressive cytokine produced by many cell types and activated by integrins. Active TGF-β binds to its receptor and regulates mucosal immune reactions through the TGF-β signaling pathway. Dysregulated TGF-β signaling is observed in the intestines of IBD patients. TGF-β signal impairment in specific cell types, such as T-cells and dendritic cells, results in spontaneous colitis in mouse models. In addition, specific intestinal microbes contribute to immune homeostasis by modulating TGF-β production. In this review, we describe the role of TGF-β in intestinal immunity, focusing on immune cells, epithelium, and intestinal microbes. In addition, we present potential therapeutic strategies for IBD that target TGF-β.
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Metadata
Title
TGF-β in inflammatory bowel disease: a key regulator of immune cells, epithelium, and the intestinal microbiota
Authors
Sozaburo Ihara
Yoshihiro Hirata
Kazuhiko Koike
Publication date
01-07-2017
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
Journal of Gastroenterology / Issue 7/2017
Print ISSN: 0944-1174
Electronic ISSN: 1435-5922
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-017-1350-1

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