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Journal of Gastroenterology
Published in: Journal of Gastroenterology 7/2016

01-07-2016 | Review

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

Authors: Saurabh Kedia, Ritika Rampal, Jaishree Paul, Vineet Ahuja

Published in: Journal of Gastroenterology | Issue 7/2016

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Abstract

The disease profile in the Indian population provides a unique opportunity for studying the host microbiome interaction in both infectious (amebiasis) and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from a similar environment and genetic background. Analysis of fecal samples from untreated amebic liver abscess (ALA) patients, Entamoeba histolytica (Eh)-negative and -positive asymptomatic individuals, and pus samples from naive ALA patients revealed a significant reduction in Lactobacillus in asymptomatic individuals (Eh +ve) and ALA patients. Two anaerobic genera, namely Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, were detected in naive ALA pus samples. Analysis of fecal samples from amoebic colitis patients showed a significant decline in population of Bacteroides, Clostridium coccoides and leptum subgroup, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter, and Eubacterium, whereas a significant increase in Bifidobacterium was observed. Mucosa-associated bacterial flora analysis from IBD patients and healthy controls revealed a significant difference in concentration of bacteria among predominating and subdominating genera between ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, and controls. In contrast to the mucosal studies, we found a significant increase in lactobacilli population in fecal samples of active UC patients. Another study revealed a significant decrease of Clostridium coccoides and leptum clusters in fecal samples of active UC patients along with decreased concentrations of fecal SCFAs, especially of n-butyrate, iso-butyrate, and acetate. We therefore found similar perturbations in gut microbiome in both infectious and autoimmune diseases, indicating inflammation to be the major driver for changes in gut microbiome.
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Metadata
Title
Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India
Authors
Saurabh Kedia
Ritika Rampal
Jaishree Paul
Vineet Ahuja
Publication date
01-07-2016
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
Journal of Gastroenterology / Issue 7/2016
Print ISSN: 0944-1174
Electronic ISSN: 1435-5922
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-016-1193-1

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