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01-05-2022 | Review

Neurophysiological considerations for visual implants

Authors: Sabrina J. Meikle, Yan T. Wong

Published in: Brain Structure and Function | Issue 4/2022

Abstract

Neural implants have the potential to restore visual capabilities in blind individuals by electrically stimulating the neurons of the visual system. This stimulation can produce visual percepts known as phosphenes. The ideal location of electrical stimulation for achieving vision restoration is widely debated and dependent on the physiological properties of the targeted tissue. Here, the neurophysiology of several potential target structures within the visual system will be explored regarding their benefits and downfalls in producing phosphenes. These regions will include the lateral geniculate nucleus, primary visual cortex, visual area 2, visual area 3, visual area 4 and the middle temporal area. Based on the existing engineering limitations of neural prostheses, we anticipate that electrical stimulation of any singular brain region will be incapable of achieving high-resolution naturalistic perception including color, texture, shape and motion. As improvements in visual acuity facilitate improvements in quality of life, emulating naturalistic vision should be one of the ultimate goals of visual prostheses. To achieve this goal, we propose that multiple brain areas will need to be targeted in unison enabling different aspects of vision to be recreated.

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Title: Neurophysiological considerations for visual implants
Authors: Sabrina J. Meikle
Yan T. Wong
Publication date: 01-05-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Brain Structure and Function / Issue 4/2022
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02417-2

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Neurophysiological considerations for visual implants

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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Investigating the neurochemistry of the human visual system using magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Understanding structure–function relationships in the mammalian visual system: part two

Cytoarchitectonic parcellation and functional characterization of four new areas in the caudal parahippocampal cortex

Anatomical and functional connectomes underlying hierarchical visual processing in mouse visual system

Revisiting horizontal connectivity rules in V1: from like-to-like towards like-to-all

Additional fiber orientations in the sagittal stratum—noise or anatomical fine structure?