Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 8/2008

01-08-2008 | Trauma Surgery

Osteo-fasciocutaneous parascapular flap transfer for reconstruction of the first ray of the foot

Authors: C. Roll, L. Prantl, M. Nerlich, B. Kinner

Published in: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery | Issue 8/2008

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Severe bone and soft tissue defects of the first metatarsal bone after trauma, tumor resection or osteomyelitis are challenging to treat. Partial amputation of the foot may be the consequence. However, due to its significance for gait, salvage of the first ray should be considered, whenever possible. One option for bone and soft tissue reconstruction, therefore, might be an osteo-fasciocutaneous parascapular flap transfer.

Methods

Five patients with bone and soft tissue defects of the first ray of the foot but intact MTP joint were treated with osteo- fasciocutaneous parascapular flap transfer, two after tumor resection, and three after severe bone and soft tissue trauma. Patients were followed for 12–36 months clinically and radiologically.

Results

All flaps survived. One revision was necessary because of venous thrombosis, which was treated successfully by thrombectomy and patch plastic. All osteosyntheses united and the scapular bone transplant adapted nicely to the new loading conditions. All patients were content with the result and would agree to have the operation again. Two patients were able to stand tiptoe and go jogging, one patient still had limitations of ADLs due to the concomitant injuries.

Conclusion

The osteo- fasciocutaneous flap proved to be very versatile and safe for foot reconstruction due to its favorable vascular anatomy. In all patients (partial), amputation of the foot could be avoided.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Rammelt S, Biewener A, Grass R, Zwipp H (2005) Foot injuries in the polytraumatized patient. Unfallchirurg 108:858–865PubMedCrossRef Rammelt S, Biewener A, Grass R, Zwipp H (2005) Foot injuries in the polytraumatized patient. Unfallchirurg 108:858–865PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Zwipp H, Dahlen C, Randt T, Gavlik JM (1997) Complex trauma of the foot. Orthopade 26:1046–1056PubMed Zwipp H, Dahlen C, Randt T, Gavlik JM (1997) Complex trauma of the foot. Orthopade 26:1046–1056PubMed
3.
go back to reference Musharrafieh R, Osmani O, Saghieh S, El-Hassan B, Atiyeh B (1999) Microvascular composite tissue transfer for the management of type IIIB and IIIC fractures of the distal leg and compound foot fractures. J Reconstr Microsurg 15:501–507PubMed Musharrafieh R, Osmani O, Saghieh S, El-Hassan B, Atiyeh B (1999) Microvascular composite tissue transfer for the management of type IIIB and IIIC fractures of the distal leg and compound foot fractures. J Reconstr Microsurg 15:501–507PubMed
4.
go back to reference Wyble EJ, Yakuboff KP, Clark RG, Neale HW (1990) Use of free fasciocutaneous and muscle flaps for reconstruction of the foot. Ann Plast Surg 24:101–108PubMedCrossRef Wyble EJ, Yakuboff KP, Clark RG, Neale HW (1990) Use of free fasciocutaneous and muscle flaps for reconstruction of the foot. Ann Plast Surg 24:101–108PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Ramseier LE, Jacob HA, Exner GU (2004) Foot function after ray resection for malignant tumors of the phalanges and metatarsals. Foot Ankle Int 25:53–8PubMed Ramseier LE, Jacob HA, Exner GU (2004) Foot function after ray resection for malignant tumors of the phalanges and metatarsals. Foot Ankle Int 25:53–8PubMed
6.
go back to reference Wang X, Qiao Q, Burd A, Qi K (2005) Reconstruction of distal foot wounds with reverse first dorsal metatarsal artery flap. Burns 31:1025–1028PubMedCrossRef Wang X, Qiao Q, Burd A, Qi K (2005) Reconstruction of distal foot wounds with reverse first dorsal metatarsal artery flap. Burns 31:1025–1028PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Kurokawa M, Muneuchi G, Hamagami H, Fujita H (1998) Reconstruction of four metatarsal bone and soft-tissue defects using a serratus anterior muscle rib osteomyocutaneous free flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 101:1616–1619PubMedCrossRef Kurokawa M, Muneuchi G, Hamagami H, Fujita H (1998) Reconstruction of four metatarsal bone and soft-tissue defects using a serratus anterior muscle rib osteomyocutaneous free flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 101:1616–1619PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Yazar S, Lin CH, Wei FC (2004) One-stage reconstruction of composite bone and soft-tissue defects in traumatic lower extremities. Plast Reconstr Surg 114:1457–1466PubMedCrossRef Yazar S, Lin CH, Wei FC (2004) One-stage reconstruction of composite bone and soft-tissue defects in traumatic lower extremities. Plast Reconstr Surg 114:1457–1466PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Exner GU, Jacob HA, Middendorp J (1998) Reconstruction of the first and second metatarsals with free microvascular fibular bone graft after resection of a Ewing sarcoma. J Pediatr Orthop B 7:239–242PubMed Exner GU, Jacob HA, Middendorp J (1998) Reconstruction of the first and second metatarsals with free microvascular fibular bone graft after resection of a Ewing sarcoma. J Pediatr Orthop B 7:239–242PubMed
10.
go back to reference Rajacic N, Ebrahim MK, Grgurinovic S, Starovic B (1993) Foot reconstruction using vascularised fibula. Br J Plast Surg 46:317–321PubMedCrossRef Rajacic N, Ebrahim MK, Grgurinovic S, Starovic B (1993) Foot reconstruction using vascularised fibula. Br J Plast Surg 46:317–321PubMedCrossRef
11.
12.
go back to reference Prantl L, Babilas P, Fesar D, Kinner B, Eisenmann-Klein M, Schreml S, Roll C, Pfister K (2008) The use of fasciocutaneous and osteocutaneous parascapular flap for lower limb reconstruction: a retrospective study of twenty patients. Br J Plast Surg (in press) Prantl L, Babilas P, Fesar D, Kinner B, Eisenmann-Klein M, Schreml S, Roll C, Pfister K (2008) The use of fasciocutaneous and osteocutaneous parascapular flap for lower limb reconstruction: a retrospective study of twenty patients. Br J Plast Surg (in press)
13.
go back to reference Cerkes N, Erer M, Sirin F (1997) The combined scapular/parascapular flap for the treatment of extensive electrical burns of the upper extremity. Br J Plast Surg 50:501–506PubMedCrossRef Cerkes N, Erer M, Sirin F (1997) The combined scapular/parascapular flap for the treatment of extensive electrical burns of the upper extremity. Br J Plast Surg 50:501–506PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Filloux JF, Jarde O, Delval Y, Vives P (1995) Amputation below the elbow made possible by emergency covering of the stump with a free parascapular flap. J Chir (Paris) 132:27–29 Filloux JF, Jarde O, Delval Y, Vives P (1995) Amputation below the elbow made possible by emergency covering of the stump with a free parascapular flap. J Chir (Paris) 132:27–29
15.
go back to reference Kumar P, Chandra R, Bhatnagar SK, Bhagia SP (1991) Parascapular fasciocutaneous flap for covering an above-elbow amputation stump. Burns 17:425–426PubMedCrossRef Kumar P, Chandra R, Bhatnagar SK, Bhagia SP (1991) Parascapular fasciocutaneous flap for covering an above-elbow amputation stump. Burns 17:425–426PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Vergote T, Revol M, Martinaud C, Le Fourn B, Servant JM, Banzet P (1993) [Use of parascapular semi-free flap in the covering of substance loss of the lower third of the leg and foot. Apropos of 3 cases]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet 38:192–197PubMed Vergote T, Revol M, Martinaud C, Le Fourn B, Servant JM, Banzet P (1993) [Use of parascapular semi-free flap in the covering of substance loss of the lower third of the leg and foot. Apropos of 3 cases]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet 38:192–197PubMed
17.
go back to reference Chen D, Jupiter JB, Lipton HA, Li SQ (1989) The parascapular flap for treatment of lower extremity disorders. Plast Reconstr Surg 84:108–116PubMedCrossRef Chen D, Jupiter JB, Lipton HA, Li SQ (1989) The parascapular flap for treatment of lower extremity disorders. Plast Reconstr Surg 84:108–116PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Birgfeld CB, Low DW (2006) Total Face Reconstruction Using a Pre-expanded, Bilateral, Extended, Parascapular Free Flap. Ann Plast Surg 56:565–568PubMedCrossRef Birgfeld CB, Low DW (2006) Total Face Reconstruction Using a Pre-expanded, Bilateral, Extended, Parascapular Free Flap. Ann Plast Surg 56:565–568PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Chandrasekhar B, Lorant JA, Terz JJ (1990) Parascapular free flaps for head and neck reconstruction. Am J Surg 160:450–453PubMedCrossRef Chandrasekhar B, Lorant JA, Terz JJ (1990) Parascapular free flaps for head and neck reconstruction. Am J Surg 160:450–453PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Rand RP, Lin EY, Wood DE (2001) Total esophageal reconstruction using a tubed parascapular free flap. Ann Thorac Surg 72:267–270PubMedCrossRef Rand RP, Lin EY, Wood DE (2001) Total esophageal reconstruction using a tubed parascapular free flap. Ann Thorac Surg 72:267–270PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Roll C, Prantl L, Feser D, Nerlich M, Kinner B (2007) Functional donor-site morbidity following (osteo-) fasciocutaneous parascapular flap transfer. Ann Plast Surg 59:410–414PubMedCrossRef Roll C, Prantl L, Feser D, Nerlich M, Kinner B (2007) Functional donor-site morbidity following (osteo-) fasciocutaneous parascapular flap transfer. Ann Plast Surg 59:410–414PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Kitaoka HB, Alexander IJ, Adelaar RS, Nunley JA, Myerson MS, Sanders M (1994) Clinical rating systems for the ankle-hindfoot, midfoot, hallux, and lesser toes. Foot Ankle Int 15:349–353PubMed Kitaoka HB, Alexander IJ, Adelaar RS, Nunley JA, Myerson MS, Sanders M (1994) Clinical rating systems for the ankle-hindfoot, midfoot, hallux, and lesser toes. Foot Ankle Int 15:349–353PubMed
23.
go back to reference Ellert U, Bellach BM (1999) The SF-36 in the Federal Health Survey–description of a current normal sample. Gesundheitswesen 61(Spec No):S184–S190PubMed Ellert U, Bellach BM (1999) The SF-36 in the Federal Health Survey–description of a current normal sample. Gesundheitswesen 61(Spec No):S184–S190PubMed
24.
go back to reference Radoschewski M, Bellach BM (1999) The SF-36 in the Federal Health Survey–possibilities and requirements for application at the population level. Gesundheitswesen 61(Spec No):S191–S199PubMed Radoschewski M, Bellach BM (1999) The SF-36 in the Federal Health Survey–possibilities and requirements for application at the population level. Gesundheitswesen 61(Spec No):S191–S199PubMed
25.
26.
go back to reference Mendicino SS (1993) Giant cell tumor of the first metatarsal bone en bloc resection with autogenous middle fibular strut graft. J Foot Ankle Surg 32:405–410PubMed Mendicino SS (1993) Giant cell tumor of the first metatarsal bone en bloc resection with autogenous middle fibular strut graft. J Foot Ankle Surg 32:405–410PubMed
27.
go back to reference Stokes R, Whetzel TP, Stevenson TR (1994) Three-dimensional reconstruction of the below-knee amputation stump: use of the combined scapular/parascapular flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 94:732–736PubMedCrossRef Stokes R, Whetzel TP, Stevenson TR (1994) Three-dimensional reconstruction of the below-knee amputation stump: use of the combined scapular/parascapular flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 94:732–736PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Mutaf M, Sensoz O (1994) Use of a pedicled parascapular flap combined with latissimus dorsi muscle for coverage of the forearm and reconstruction of elbow flexion. Plast Reconstr Surg 93:868–871PubMedCrossRef Mutaf M, Sensoz O (1994) Use of a pedicled parascapular flap combined with latissimus dorsi muscle for coverage of the forearm and reconstruction of elbow flexion. Plast Reconstr Surg 93:868–871PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Burns JT, Schlafly B (1986) Use of the parascapular flap in hand reconstruction. J Hand Surg [Am] 11:872–875 Burns JT, Schlafly B (1986) Use of the parascapular flap in hand reconstruction. J Hand Surg [Am] 11:872–875
30.
go back to reference Nassif TM, Vidal L, Bovet JL, Baudet J (1982) The parascapular flap: a new cutaneous microsurgical free flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 69:591–600PubMedCrossRef Nassif TM, Vidal L, Bovet JL, Baudet J (1982) The parascapular flap: a new cutaneous microsurgical free flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 69:591–600PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Masaki F, Takehiro D, Ryuuichi M, Kumi M (2000) Late reconstruction of two total metacarpal bone defects using lengthening devices and a double-barrel osteocutaneous free parascapular flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 106:102–106PubMedCrossRef Masaki F, Takehiro D, Ryuuichi M, Kumi M (2000) Late reconstruction of two total metacarpal bone defects using lengthening devices and a double-barrel osteocutaneous free parascapular flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 106:102–106PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Musharafieh R, Osmani O, Musharafieh U, Saghieh S, Atiyeh B (1999) Efficacy of microsurgical free-tissue transfer in chronic osteomyelitis of the leg and foot: review of 22 cases. J Reconstr Microsurg 15:239–244PubMed Musharafieh R, Osmani O, Musharafieh U, Saghieh S, Atiyeh B (1999) Efficacy of microsurgical free-tissue transfer in chronic osteomyelitis of the leg and foot: review of 22 cases. J Reconstr Microsurg 15:239–244PubMed
33.
go back to reference Atiyeh BS, Hussein MM, Tayim AM, Zaatari AM, Fakih RR (1997) Early microvascular reconstruction of Gustilo type III-C lower extremity wound. Case report. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 31:351–355PubMedCrossRef Atiyeh BS, Hussein MM, Tayim AM, Zaatari AM, Fakih RR (1997) Early microvascular reconstruction of Gustilo type III-C lower extremity wound. Case report. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 31:351–355PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Pho RW (1979) Free vascularised fibular transplant for replacement of the lower radius. J Bone Joint Surg Br 61-B:362–365PubMed Pho RW (1979) Free vascularised fibular transplant for replacement of the lower radius. J Bone Joint Surg Br 61-B:362–365PubMed
35.
go back to reference Bodde EW, de Visser E, Duysens JE, Hartman EH (2003) Donor-site morbidity after free vascularized autogenous fibular transfer: subjective and quantitative analyses. Plast Reconstr Surg 111:2237–2242PubMedCrossRef Bodde EW, de Visser E, Duysens JE, Hartman EH (2003) Donor-site morbidity after free vascularized autogenous fibular transfer: subjective and quantitative analyses. Plast Reconstr Surg 111:2237–2242PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Garrett A, Ducic Y, Athre RS, Motley T, Carpenter B (2006) Evaluation of fibula free flap donor site morbidity. Am J Otolaryngol 27:29–32PubMedCrossRef Garrett A, Ducic Y, Athre RS, Motley T, Carpenter B (2006) Evaluation of fibula free flap donor site morbidity. Am J Otolaryngol 27:29–32PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Hartman EH, Spauwen PH, Jansen JA (2002) Donor-site complications in vascularized bone flap surgery. J Invest Surg 15:185–197PubMedCrossRef Hartman EH, Spauwen PH, Jansen JA (2002) Donor-site complications in vascularized bone flap surgery. J Invest Surg 15:185–197PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Klein S, Hage JJ, Woerdeman LA (2005) Donor-site necrosis following fibula free-flap transplantation: a report of three cases. Microsurgery 25:538–542; discussion 542PubMedCrossRef Klein S, Hage JJ, Woerdeman LA (2005) Donor-site necrosis following fibula free-flap transplantation: a report of three cases. Microsurgery 25:538–542; discussion 542PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Peek A, Giessler GA (2006) Functional total and subtotal heel reconstruction with free composite osteofasciocutaneous groin flaps of the deep circumflex iliac vessels. Ann Plast Surg 56:628–634PubMedCrossRef Peek A, Giessler GA (2006) Functional total and subtotal heel reconstruction with free composite osteofasciocutaneous groin flaps of the deep circumflex iliac vessels. Ann Plast Surg 56:628–634PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Tvrdek M, Nejedly A, Kletensky J, Kufa R (1999) Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the lower extremity using free flap transfer. Acta Chir Plast 41:46–49PubMed Tvrdek M, Nejedly A, Kletensky J, Kufa R (1999) Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the lower extremity using free flap transfer. Acta Chir Plast 41:46–49PubMed
41.
go back to reference Eisenschenk A, Kern O, Lehnert M, Weber U (1994) Free vascularized muscle flap transplantation in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Chir Organi Mov 79:139–146PubMed Eisenschenk A, Kern O, Lehnert M, Weber U (1994) Free vascularized muscle flap transplantation in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Chir Organi Mov 79:139–146PubMed
42.
go back to reference Hanel DP (1989) Vascularized tissue transfer. An adjunct to the treatment of osteomyelitis. Orthop Rev 18:595–608PubMed Hanel DP (1989) Vascularized tissue transfer. An adjunct to the treatment of osteomyelitis. Orthop Rev 18:595–608PubMed
43.
go back to reference Rhomberg M, Frischhut B, Ninkovic M, Schwabegger AH, Ninkovic M (2003) A single-stage operation in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the lower extremity including reconstruction with free vascularized iliac bone graft and free-tissue transfer. Plast Reconstr Surg 111:2353–2361; discussion 2362–2363PubMedCrossRef Rhomberg M, Frischhut B, Ninkovic M, Schwabegger AH, Ninkovic M (2003) A single-stage operation in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the lower extremity including reconstruction with free vascularized iliac bone graft and free-tissue transfer. Plast Reconstr Surg 111:2353–2361; discussion 2362–2363PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Wei FC, Celik N, Yang WG, Chen IH, Chang YM, Chen HC (2003) Complications after reconstruction by plate and soft-tissue free flap in composite mandibular defects and secondary salvage reconstruction with osteocutaneous flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 112:37–42PubMedCrossRef Wei FC, Celik N, Yang WG, Chen IH, Chang YM, Chen HC (2003) Complications after reconstruction by plate and soft-tissue free flap in composite mandibular defects and secondary salvage reconstruction with osteocutaneous flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 112:37–42PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Pearlstone DB, Janjan NA, Feig BW, Yasko AW, Hunt KK, Pollock RE, Lawyer A, Horton J, Pisters PW (1999) Re-resection with brachytherapy for locally recurrent soft tissue sarcoma arising in a previously radiated field. Cancer J Sci Am 5:26–33PubMed Pearlstone DB, Janjan NA, Feig BW, Yasko AW, Hunt KK, Pollock RE, Lawyer A, Horton J, Pisters PW (1999) Re-resection with brachytherapy for locally recurrent soft tissue sarcoma arising in a previously radiated field. Cancer J Sci Am 5:26–33PubMed
46.
go back to reference Ghaheri BA, Kim JH, Wax MK (2005) Second osteocutaneous fibular free flaps for head and neck defects. Laryngoscope 115:983–986PubMedCrossRef Ghaheri BA, Kim JH, Wax MK (2005) Second osteocutaneous fibular free flaps for head and neck defects. Laryngoscope 115:983–986PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Osteo-fasciocutaneous parascapular flap transfer for reconstruction of the first ray of the foot
Authors
C. Roll
L. Prantl
M. Nerlich
B. Kinner
Publication date
01-08-2008
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery / Issue 8/2008
Print ISSN: 0936-8051
Electronic ISSN: 1434-3916
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-008-0592-z

Other articles of this Issue 8/2008

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 8/2008 Go to the issue