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Open Access 01-03-2020 | Nutrition | Original Contribution

Development and relative validation of a short food frequency questionnaire for assessing dietary intakes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients

Authors: Carla Bredin, Sara Naimimohasses, Suzanne Norris, Ciara Wright, Neil Hancock, Kathryn Hart, J. Bernadette Moore

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 2/2020

Abstract

Purpose

This work aimed to design and validate a novel short food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) to assess habitual intakes of food items related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a cohort of European patients.

Methods

A 48-item SFFQ was created, with questions from existing FFQs and expert knowledge, emphasizing foods and nutrients implicated in NAFLD pathogenesis. Consenting, fibroscan-diagnosed, NAFLD patients completed the SFFQ during a short interview and were asked to complete a 4-day diet diary (4DDD) at home for return by mail. Nutritional intakes were assessed utilizing the myfood24™ food composition dataset and estimated energy requirements (EER) were calculated using sex-, age- and weight-specific equations. Agreement between the dietary instruments was assessed by Spearman correlations and Bland Altman analysis.

Results

Fifty-five patients completed both the SFFQ and the 4DDD within 30 weeks; 42 (76%) were diagnosed with simple steatosis, whereas 13 (24%) had biopsy-proven steatohepatitis; the majority were overweight or obese, with a median (25th; 75th percentile) BMI of 33.2 kg/m² (29.3; 36.0). Reported energy intakes were well below EER with a median intake of 73% of requirements, suggesting widespread under-reporting. Significant correlations were observed between sugar (r = 0.408, P = 0.002), fat (r = 0.44, P = 0.001), fruits (r = 0.51, P = 0.0001) and vegetables (r = 0.40, P = 0.0024) measurements by the SFFQ and 4DDD. Bland Altman plots with regression analysis demonstrated broad comparability with the 4DDD for intakes of fat (bias − 13.8 g/day) and sugar (bias + 12.9 g/day).

Conclusions

A novel SFFQ designed to be minimally burdensome to participants was effective at assessing dietary intakes in NAFLD patients.

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Title: Development and relative validation of a short food frequency questionnaire for assessing dietary intakes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients
Authors: Carla Bredin
Sara Naimimohasses
Suzanne Norris
Ciara Wright
Neil Hancock
Kathryn Hart
J. Bernadette Moore
Publication date: 01-03-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Nutrition
Fatty Liver
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 2/2020
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01926-5

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Development and relative validation of a short food frequency questionnaire for assessing dietary intakes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Abstract

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