Top

Published in:

01-06-2019 | Original Contribution

Low adherence to the western and high adherence to the mediterranean dietary patterns could prevent colorectal cancer

Authors: Adela Castelló, Pilar Amiano, Nerea Fernández de Larrea, Vicente Martín, Maria Henar Alonso, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez, Rocío Olmedo-Requena, Marcela Guevara, Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos, Cristobal Llorens-Ivorra, Jose María Huerta, Rocío Capelo, Tania Fernández-Villa, Anna Díez-Villanueva, Carmen Urtiaga, Jesús Castilla, Jose Juan Jiménez-Moleón, Víctor Moreno, Verónica Dávila-Batista, Manolis Kogevinas, Nuria Aragonés, Marina Pollán, On behalf of MCC-Spain researchers

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 4/2019

Abstract

Purpose

To assess if the associations found between three previously identified dietary patterns with breast, prostate and gastric cancer are also observed for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods

MCC-Spain is a multicase-control study that collected information of 1629 incident cases of CRC and 3509 population-based controls from 11 Spanish provinces. Western, Prudent and Mediterranean data-driven dietary patterns—derived in another Spanish case-control study—were reconstructed in MCC-Spain. Their association with CRC was assessed using mixed multivariable logistic regression models considering a possible interaction with sex. Risk by tumor site (proximal colon, distal colon, and rectum) was evaluated using multinomial regression models.

Results

While no effect of the Prudent pattern on CRC risk was observed, a high adherence to the Western dietary pattern was associated with increased CRC risk for both males [OR_{fourth(Q4) vs. first(Q1)quartile} (95% CI): 1.45 (1.11;1.91)] and females [OR_{Q4 vs. Q1} (95% CI): 1.50 (1.07;2.09)] but seem to be confined to distal colon [OR_{fourth(Q4) vs. first(Q1)quartile} (95% CI): 2.02 (1.44;2.84)] and rectal [OR_{Q4 vs. Q1} (95% CI): 1.46 (1.05;2.01)] tumors. The protective effect of the Mediterranean dietary pattern against CRC was observed for both sexes [males: OR_{Q4 vs. Q1} (95% CI): 0.71 (0.55;0.92); females: OR_{Q4 vs. Q1} (95% CI): 0.56 (0.40;0.77)] and for all cancer sites: proximal colon [OR_{Q4 vs. Q1} (95% CI): 0.70 (0.51;0.97)], distal colon [OR_{Q4 vs. Q1} (95% CI): 0.65 (0.48;0.89)], and rectum (OR_{Q4 vs. Q1} (95% CI): 0.60 (0.45;0.81)].

Conclusion

Our results are consistent with most of the associations previously found between these patterns and breast, prostate and gastric cancer risk and indicate that consuming whole fruits, vegetables, legumes, olive oil, nuts, and fish and avoiding red and processed meat, refined grains, sweets, caloric drinks, juices, convenience food, and sauces might reduce CRC risk.

Available only for authorised users

Arnold M, Karim-Kos HE, Coebergh JW, Byrnes G, Antilla A, Ferlay J, Renehan AG, Forman D, Soerjomataram I (2015) Recent trends in incidence of five common cancers in 26 European countries since 1988: analysis of the European Cancer Observatory. Eur J Cancer 51(9):1164–1187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2013.09.002 CrossRefPubMed

Stewart B, Wild C (eds) (2014) World Cancer Report 2014. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon

WCRF (2015) Cancer preventability estimates for diet, nutrition, body fatness, and physical activity. http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/preventability-estimates/cancer-preventability-estimates-diet-nutrition. Accessed 26 Oct 2016

Whiteman DC, Webb PM, Green AC, Neale RE, Fritschi L, Bain CJ, Parkin DM, Wilson LF, Olsen CM, Nagle CM, Pandeya N, Jordan SJ, Antonsson A, Kendall BJ, Hughes MC, Ibiebele TI, Miura K, Peters S, Carey RN (2015) Cancers in Australia in 2010 attributable to modifiable factors: summary and conclusions. Aust N Z J Public Health 39(5):477–484. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12471 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Song M, Garrett WS, Chan AT (2015) Nutrients, foods, and colorectal cancer prevention. Gastroenterology 148(6):1244–1260.e1216. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.035 CrossRefPubMed

WCRF/AICR (2017) World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. Continuous Update Project Report. Diet, nutrition, physical activity and colorectal cancer. 2017. http://www.wcrf.org/sites/default/files/CUP%20Colorectal%20Report_2017_Digital.pdf. Accessed 10 Oct 2017

Aune D, Chan DS, Vieira AR, Navarro Rosenblatt DA, Vieira R, Greenwood DC, Kampman E, Norat T (2013) Red and processed meat intake and risk of colorectal adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Cancer Causes Control CCC 24(4):611–627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0139-z CrossRefPubMed

Cai S, Li Y, Ding Y, Chen K, Jin M (2014) Alcohol drinking and the risk of colorectal cancer death: a meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer Prev 23(6):532–539. https://doi.org/10.1097/cej.0000000000000076 CrossRefPubMed

Magalhaes B, Peleteiro B, Lunet N (2012) Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer Prev 21(1):15–23. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEJ.0b013e3283472241 CrossRefPubMed

10.

Barkoukis H (2007) Importance of understanding food consumption patterns. J Am Diet Assoc 107(2):234–236CrossRefPubMed

11.

Hu FB (2002) Dietary pattern analysis: a new direction in nutritional epidemiology. Curr Opin Lipidol 13(1):3–9CrossRefPubMed

12.

Jacques PF, Tucker KL (2001) Are dietary patterns useful for understanding the role of diet in chronic disease? Am J Clin Nutr 73(1):1–2CrossRefPubMed

13.

Fung TT, McCullough ML, Newby PK, Manson JE, Meigs JB, Rifai N, Willett WC, Hu FB (2005) Diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Am J Clin Nutr 82(1):163–173CrossRefPubMed

14.

Liese AD, Krebs-Smith SM, Subar AF, George SM, Harmon BE, Neuhouser ML, Boushey CJ, Schap TE, Reedy J (2015) The dietary patterns methods project: synthesis of findings across cohorts and relevance to dietary guidance. J Nutr 145(3):393–402. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.205336 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Schwingshackl L, Bogensberger B, Hoffmann G (2018) Diet quality as assessed by the healthy eating index, alternate healthy eating index, dietary approaches to stop hypertension score, and health outcomes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Acad Nutr Diet 118(1):74–100.e111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2017.08.024 CrossRefPubMed

16.

Giacosa A, Barale R, Bavaresco L, Gatenby P, Gerbi V, Janssens J, Johnston B, Kas K, La Vecchia C, Mainguet P, Morazzoni P, Negri E, Pelucchi C, Pezzotti M, Rondanelli M (2013) Cancer prevention in Europe: the Mediterranean diet as a protective choice. Eur J Cancer Prev 22(1):90–95. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEJ.0b013e328354d2d7 CrossRefPubMed

17.

Safari A, Shariff ZM, Kandiah M, Rashidkhani B, Fereidooni F (2013) Dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer in Tehran Province: a case-control study. BMC Public Health 13:222. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-222 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

18.

Park Y, Lee J, Oh JH, Shin A, Kim J (2016) Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk in a Korean population: a case-control study. Medicine 95(25):e3759. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000003759 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

19.

Feng YL, Shu L, Zheng PF, Zhang XY, Si CJ, Yu XL, Gao W, Zhang L (2017) Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer Prev 26(3):201–211. https://doi.org/10.1097/cej.0000000000000245 CrossRefPubMed

20.

Haslam A, Wagner Robb S, Hebert JR, Huang H, Ebell MH (2017) Association between dietary pattern scores and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma considering population subgroups. Nutr Diet J Dietit Assoc Aust. https://doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12400 CrossRef

21.

Mehta RS, Song M, Nishihara R, Drew DA, Wu K, Qian ZR, Fung TT, Hamada T, Masugi Y, da Silva A, Shi Y, Li W, Gu M, Willett WC, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL, Ogino S, Chan AT (2017) Dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer: analysis by tumor location and molecular subtypes. Gastroenterology 152(8):1944–1953.e1941. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.02.015 CrossRefPubMed

22.

Randi G, Edefonti V, Ferraroni M, La Vecchia C, Decarli A (2010) Dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenomas. Nutr Rev 68(7):389–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00299.x CrossRefPubMed

23.

Tayyem RF, Bawadi HA, Shehadah I, Agraib LM, AbuMweis SS, Al-Jaberi T, Al-Nusairr M, Bani-Hani KE, Heath DD (2017) Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer. Clin Nutr (Edinburgh Scotland) 36(3):848–852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.04.029 CrossRef

24.

Castello A, Pollan M, Buijsse B, Ruiz A, Casas AM, Baena-Canada JM, Lope V, Antolin S, Ramos M, Munoz M, Lluch A, de Juan-Ferre A, Jara C, Jimeno MA, Rosado P, Diaz E, Guillem V, Carrasco E, Perez-Gomez B, Vioque J, Boeing H, Martin M (2014) Spanish Mediterranean diet and other dietary patterns and breast cancer risk: case-control EpiGEICAM study. Br J Cancer 111(7):9. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2014.434 CrossRef

25.

Castello A, Buijsse B, Martin M, Ruiz A, Casas AM, Baena-Canada JM, Pastor-Barriuso R, Antolin S, Ramos M, Munoz M, Lluch A, de Juan-Ferre A, Jara C, Lope V, Jimeno MA, Arriola-Arellano E, Diaz E, Guillem V, Carrasco E, Perez-Gomez B, Vioque J, Pollan M, Researchers G (2016) Evaluating the applicability of data-driven dietary patterns to independent samples with a focus on measurement tools for pattern similarity. J Acad Nutr Dietet 116(12):1914–1924 e1916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2016.05.008 CrossRef

26.

Castello A, Lope V, Vioque J, Santamarina C, Pedraz-Pingarron C, Abad S, Ederra M, Salas-Trejo D, Vidal C, Sanchez-Contador C, Aragones N, Perez-Gomez B, Pollan M (2016) Reproducibility of data-driven dietary patterns in two groups of adult Spanish women from different studies. Br J Nutr 116(4):734–742. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451600252X CrossRefPubMed

27.

Castello A, Boldo E, Perez-Gomez B, Lope V, Altzibar JM, Martin V, Castano-Vinyals G, Guevara M, Dierssen-Sotos T, Tardon A, Moreno V, Puig-Vives M, Llorens-Ivorra C, Alguacil J, Gomez-Acebo I, Castilla J, Gracia-Lavedan E, Davila-Batista V, Kogevinas M, Aragones N, Amiano P, Pollan M (2017) Adherence to the Western, Prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns and breast cancer risk: MCC-Spain study. Maturitas 103:8–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.06.020 CrossRefPubMed

28.

Castelló A, Fernández de Larrea N, Martin M, Dávila-Batista V, Boldo E, Guevara M, Moreno V, Castaño-Vinyals G, Gómez-Acebo I, Fernandez-Tardon G, Peiro R, Olmedo-Requena R, Capelo R, Navarro C, Pacho-Valbuena S, Pérez-Gómez B, Kogevinas M, Pollán M, Aragonés N (2017) High adherence to the Western, Prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns and risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. Gastric Cancer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10120-017-0774-x CrossRefPubMed

29.

Castello A, Boldo E, Amiano P, Castano-Vinyals G, Aragones N, Gomez-Acebo I, Peiro R, Jimenez-Moleon JJ, Alguacil J, Tardon A, Cecchini L, Lope V, Dierssen-Sotos T, Mengual L, Kogevinas M, Pollan M, Perez-Gomez B, Researchers M-S (2017) Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated to low risk of aggressive prostate cancer: MCC-Spain study. J Urol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.08.087 CrossRefPubMed

30.

Castano-Vinyals G, Aragones N, Perez-Gomez B, Martin V, Llorca J, Moreno V, Altzibar JM, Ardanaz E, de Sanjose S, Jimenez-Moleon JJ, Tardon A, Alguacil J, Peiro R, Marcos-Gragera R, Navarro C, Pollan M, Kogevinas M, Group MC-SS (2015) Population-based multicase-control study in common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain): rationale and study design. Gaceta Sanitaria SESPAS 29(4):308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.12.003 CrossRef

31.

Garcia-Closas R, Garcia-Closas M, Kogevinas M, Malats N, Silverman D, Serra C, Tardon A, Carrato A, Castano-Vinyals G, Dosemeci M, Moore L, Rothman N, Sinha R (2007) Food, nutrient and heterocyclic amine intake and the risk of bladder cancer. Eur J Cancer 43(11):1731–1740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2007.05.007 CrossRefPubMed

32.

Burt C (1948) Factor analysis and canonical correlations. Br J Math Stat Psychol 1(2):95–106CrossRef

33.

Hanley JA (2001) A heuristic approach to the formulas for population attributable fraction. J Epidemiol Community Health 55(7):508–514CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

34.

Steck SE, Guinter M, Zheng J, Thomson CA (2015) Index-based dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review. Adv Nutr (Bethesda Md) 6(6):763–773. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.115.009746 CrossRef

35.

Schwingshackl L, Schwedhelm C, Galbete C, Hoffmann G (2017) Adherence to mediterranean diet and risk of cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9101063 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

36.

Barbaresko J, Koch M, Schulze MB, Nothlings U (2013) Dietary pattern analysis and biomarkers of low-grade inflammation: a systematic literature review. Nutr Rev 71(8):511–527. https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12035 CrossRefPubMed

37.

Thorburn AN, Macia L, Mackay CR (2014) Diet, metabolites, and “western-lifestyle” inflammatory diseases. Immunity 40(6):833–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2014.05.014 CrossRefPubMed

38.

Ashmore JH, Rogers CJ, Kelleher SL, Lesko SM, Hartman TJ (2016) Dietary iron and colorectal cancer risk: a review of human population studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 56(6):1012–1020. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2012.749208 CrossRefPubMed

39.

Santarelli RL, Pierre F, Corpet DE (2008) Processed meat and colorectal cancer: a review of epidemiologic and experimental evidence. Nutr Cancer 60(2):131–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635580701684872 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

40.

Fang YZ, Yang S, Wu G (2002) Free radicals, antioxidants, and nutrition. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif) 18(10):872–879CrossRef

41.

Giovannucci E, Willett WC (1994) Dietary factors and risk of colon cancer. Ann Med 26(6):443–452CrossRefPubMed

42.

Missiaglia E, Jacobs B, D’Ario G, Di Narzo AF, Soneson C, Budinska E, Popovici V, Vecchione L, Gerster S, Yan P, Roth AD, Klingbiel D, Bosman FT, Delorenzi M, Tejpar S (2014) Distal and proximal colon cancers differ in terms of molecular, pathological, and clinical features. Ann Oncol 25(10):1995–2001. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdu275 CrossRefPubMed

43.

Bernardo D, Durant L, Mann ER, Bassity E, Montalvillo E, Man R, Vora R, Reddi D, Bayiroglu F, Fernandez-Salazar L, English NR, Peake ST, Landy J, Lee GH, Malietzis G, Siaw YH, Murugananthan AU, Hendy P, Sanchez-Recio E, Phillips RK, Garrote JA, Scott P, Parkhill J, Paulsen M, Hart AL, Al-Hassi HO, Arranz E, Walker AW, Carding SR, Knight SC (2016) Chemokine (C-C Motif) receptor 2 mediates dendritic cell recruitment to the human colon but is not responsible for differences observed in dendritic cell subsets, phenotype, and function between the proximal and distal colon. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2(1):22–39 e25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2015.08.006 CrossRefPubMed

44.

Pelucchi C, Bosetti C, Negri E, Lipworth L, La Vecchia C (2011) Olive oil and cancer risk: an update of epidemiological findings through 2010. Curr Pharm Des 17(8):805–812CrossRefPubMed

45.

Schwabe RF, Jobin C (2013) The microbiome and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 13(11):800–812. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3610 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

46.

Turnbaugh PJ, Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, Knight R, Gordon JI (2009) The effect of diet on the human gut microbiome: a metagenomic analysis in humanized gnotobiotic mice. Sci Transl Med 1(6):6ra14. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3000322 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

47.

Calvert C, Cade J, Barrett JH, Woodhouse A (1997) Using cross-check questions to address the problem of mis-reporting of specific food groups on Food Frequency Questionnaires. UKWCS Steering Group. United Kingdom Women’s Cohort Study Steering Group. Eur J Clin Nutr 51(10):708–712CrossRefPubMed

Title: Low adherence to the western and high adherence to the mediterranean dietary patterns could prevent colorectal cancer
Authors: Adela Castelló
Pilar Amiano
Nerea Fernández de Larrea
Vicente Martín
Maria Henar Alonso
Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
Rocío Olmedo-Requena
Marcela Guevara
Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon
Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
Cristobal Llorens-Ivorra
Jose María Huerta
Rocío Capelo
Tania Fernández-Villa
Anna Díez-Villanueva
Carmen Urtiaga
Jesús Castilla
Jose Juan Jiménez-Moleón
Víctor Moreno
Verónica Dávila-Batista
Manolis Kogevinas
Nuria Aragonés
Marina Pollán
On behalf of MCC-Spain researchers
Publication date: 01-06-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1674-5

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Low adherence to the western and high adherence to the mediterranean dietary patterns could prevent colorectal cancer

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 4/2019

A low-fat spread with added plant sterols and fish omega-3 fatty acids lowers serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in individuals with modest hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia

Multiple approaches to associations of physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet with all-cause mortality in older adults: the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea study

Walnut phenolic extract inhibits nuclear factor kappaB signaling in intestinal epithelial cells, and ameliorates experimental colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer in mice

High sodium intake and sodium to potassium ratio may be linked to subsequent increase in vascular damage in adults aged 40 years and older: the Korean multi-rural communities cohort (MRCohort)

The association between the inflammatory potential of diet and risk of developing, and survival following, a diagnosis of ovarian cancer

Gaussian graphical models identified food intake networks and risk of type 2 diabetes, CVD, and cancer in the EPIC-Potsdam study

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page