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Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 4/2016

01-06-2016 | Original Contribution

Diet-related inflammation and oesophageal cancer by histological type: a nationwide case–control study in Sweden

Authors: Yunxia Lu, Nitin Shivappa, Yulan Lin, Jesper Lagergren, James R. Hébert

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 4/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

This project sought to test the role of diet-related inflammation in modulating the risk of oesophageal cancer.

Methods

A nationwide population-based case–control study was conducted from 1 December 1994 through 31 December 1997 in Sweden. All newly diagnosed patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus or gastroesophageal junction and a randomly selected half of patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma were eligible as cases. Using the Swedish Registry of the Total Population, the control group was randomly selected from the entire Swedish population and frequency-matched on age (within 10 years) and sex. The literature-derived dietary inflammatory index (DII) was developed to describe the inflammatory potential of diet. DII scores were computed based on a food frequency questionnaire. Higher DII scores indicate more pro-inflammatory diets. Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were computed to assess risk associated between DII scores and oesophageal cancer using logistic regression adjusted by potential confounders.

Results

In total, 189 oesophageal adenocarcinomas, 262 gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinomas, 167 oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas, and 820 control subjects were recruited into the study. Significant associations with DII were observed for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ORQuartile4vs1 4.35, 95 % CI 2.24, 8.43), oesophageal adenocarcinoma (ORQuartile4vs1 3.59, 95 % CI 1.87, 6.89), and gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma (ORQuartile4vs1 2.04, 95 % CI 1.24, 3.36). Significant trends across quartiles of DII were observed for all subtypes of oesophageal cancer.

Conclusions

Diet-related inflammation appears to be associated with an increased risk of oesophageal cancer, regardless of histological type.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Diet-related inflammation and oesophageal cancer by histological type: a nationwide case–control study in Sweden
Authors
Yunxia Lu
Nitin Shivappa
Yulan Lin
Jesper Lagergren
James R. Hébert
Publication date
01-06-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 4/2016
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-0987-x

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