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European Journal of Nutrition
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 2/2013

Open Access 01-03-2013 | Original Contribution

Characterization of microbial metabolism of Syrah grape products in an in vitro colon model using targeted and non-targeted analytical approaches

Authors: Anna-Marja Aura, Ismo Mattila, Tuulia Hyötyläinen, Peddinti Gopalacharyulu, Veronique Cheynier, Jean-Marc Souquet, Magali Bes, Carine Le Bourvellec, Sylvain Guyot, Matej Orešič

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 2/2013

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Abstract

Purpose

Syrah red grapes are used in the production of tannin-rich red wines. Tannins are high molecular weight molecules, proanthocyanidins (PAs), and poorly absorbed in the upper intestine. In this study, gut microbial metabolism of Syrah grape phenolic compounds was investigated.

Methods

Syrah grape pericarp was subjected to an enzymatic in vitro digestion model, and red wine and grape skin PA fraction were prepared. Microbial conversion was screened using an in vitro colon model with faecal microbiota, by measurement of short-chain fatty acids by gas chromatography (GC) and microbial phenolic metabolites using GC with mass detection (GC–MS). Red wine metabolites were further profiled using two-dimensional GC mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS). In addition, the effect of PA structure and dose on conversion efficiency was investigated by GC–MS.

Results

Red wine exhibited a higher degree of C1–C3 phenolic acid formation than PA fraction or grape pericarp powders. Hydroxyphenyl valeric acid (flavanols and PAs as precursors) and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (anthocyanin as a precursor) were identified from the red wine metabolite profile. In the absence of native grape pericarp or red wine matrix, the isolated PAs were found to be effective in the dose-dependent inhibition of microbial conversions and short-chain fatty acid formation.

Conclusions

Metabolite profiling was complementary to targeted analysis. The identified metabolites had biological relevance, because the structures of the metabolites resembled fragments of their grape phenolic precursors or were in agreement with literature data.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Characterization of microbial metabolism of Syrah grape products in an in vitro colon model using targeted and non-targeted analytical approaches
Authors
Anna-Marja Aura
Ismo Mattila
Tuulia Hyötyläinen
Peddinti Gopalacharyulu
Veronique Cheynier
Jean-Marc Souquet
Magali Bes
Carine Le Bourvellec
Sylvain Guyot
Matej Orešič
Publication date
01-03-2013
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 2/2013
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0391-8

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