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Seminars in Immunopathology
Published in: Seminars in Immunopathology 2/2020

Open Access 01-04-2020 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | Review

Epigenetic crosstalk in chronic infection with HIV-1

Authors: Ulrike C Lange, Roxane Verdikt, Amina Ait-Ammar, Carine Van Lint

Published in: Seminars in Immunopathology | Issue 2/2020

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Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replicates through the integration of its viral DNA into the genome of human immune target cells. Chronically infected individuals thus carry a genomic burden of virus-derived sequences that persists through antiretroviral therapy. This burden consists of a small fraction of intact, but transcriptionally silenced, i.e. latent, viral genomes and a dominant fraction of defective sequences. Remarkably, all viral-derived sequences are subject to interaction with host cellular physiology at various levels. In this review, we focus on epigenetic aspects of this interaction. We provide a comprehensive overview of how epigenetic mechanisms contribute to establishment and maintenance of HIV-1 gene repression during latency. We furthermore summarize findings indicating that HIV-1 infection leads to changes in the epigenome of target and bystander immune cells. Finally, we discuss how an improved understanding of epigenetic features and mechanisms involved in HIV-1 infection could be exploited for clinical use.
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Metadata
Title
Epigenetic crosstalk in chronic infection with HIV-1
Authors
Ulrike C Lange
Roxane Verdikt
Amina Ait-Ammar
Carine Van Lint
Publication date
01-04-2020
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Seminars in Immunopathology / Issue 2/2020
Print ISSN: 1863-2297
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2300
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-020-00783-3

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