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Open Access 01-12-2017 | Original Research

Etelcalcetide, A Novel Calcimimetic, Prevents Vascular Calcification in A Rat Model of Renal Insufficiency with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Authors: Longchuan Yu, James E. Tomlinson, Shawn T. Alexander, Kelly Hensley, Chun-Ya Han, Denise Dwyer, Marina Stolina, Charles Dean Jr., William G. Goodman, William G. Richards, Xiaodong Li

Published in: Calcified Tissue International | Issue 6/2017

Abstract

Etelcalcetide, a novel peptide agonist of the calcium-sensing receptor, prevents vascular calcification in a rat model of renal insufficiency with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Vascular calcification occurs frequently in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is a consequence of impaired mineral homeostasis and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Etelcalcetide substantially lowers parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) levels in SHPT patients on hemodialysis. This study compared the effects of etelcalcetide and paricalcitol on vascular calcification in rats with adenine-induced CKD and SHPT. Uremia and SHPT were induced in male Wistar rats fed a diet supplemented with 0.75% adenine for 4 weeks. Rats were injected with vehicle, etelcalcetide, or paricalcitol for 4 weeks from the beginning of adenine diet. Rats fed an adenine-free diet were included as nonuremic controls. Similar reductions in plasma PTH and parathyroid chief cell proliferation were observed in both etelcalcetide- and paricalcitol-treated rats. Serum calcium and phosphorus were significantly lower in etelcalcetide-treated uremic rats and was unchanged in paricalcitol-treated rats. Both serum FGF23 and aortic calcium content were significantly lower in etelcalcetide-treated uremic rats compared with either vehicle- or paricalcitol-treated uremic rats. The degree of aortic calcium content for etelcalcetide-treated rats was similar to that in nonuremic controls and corroborated findings of lack of histologic aortic mineralization in those groups. In conclusion, etelcalcetide and paricalcitol similarly attenuated progression of SHPT in an adenine rat model of CKD. However, etelcalcetide differentially prevented vascular calcification, at least in part, due to reductions in serum FGF23, calcium, and phosphorus levels.

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Title: Etelcalcetide, A Novel Calcimimetic, Prevents Vascular Calcification in A Rat Model of Renal Insufficiency with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Longchuan Yu
James E. Tomlinson
Shawn T. Alexander
Kelly Hensley
Chun-Ya Han
Denise Dwyer
Marina Stolina
Charles Dean Jr.
William G. Goodman
William G. Richards
Xiaodong Li
Publication date: 01-12-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Calcified Tissue International / Issue 6/2017
Print ISSN: 0171-967X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0827
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0319-7

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Etelcalcetide, A Novel Calcimimetic, Prevents Vascular Calcification in A Rat Model of Renal Insufficiency with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Abstract

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