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Strahlentherapie und Onkologie
Published in: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie 7/2019

01-07-2019 | Breast Cancer | Original Article

Risk of cardiotoxicity induced by adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy in young and old Asian women with breast cancer

Authors: Chih-Hsin Lee, MD, PhD, Jun-Fu Zhang, MS, Kevin Sheng-Po Yuan, MD, MS, Alexander T. H. Wu, PhD, Szu-Yuan Wu, MD, MPH, PhD

Published in: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie | Issue 7/2019

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Abstract

Purpose

The risk of cardiotoxicity induced by adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) is yet to be investigated in a large-scale randomized controlled trial with an adequate sample size of young and old women with breast cancer.

Patients and methods

To compare the occurrence of major heart events (heart failure and coronary artery disease) in patients with breast cancer, 3489 women who underwent surgical resection of the breast tumor were retrospectively selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The patients were categorized into the following groups based on their treatment modalities: group 1 (n = 1113), no treatment; group 2 (n = 646), adjuvant RT alone; group 3 (n = 705), adjuvant anthracycline-based CT alone; and group 4 (n = 1025), combined adjuvant RT and anthracycline-based CT.

Results

The mean patient age was 50.35 years. Subsequent coronary artery disease and heart failure were identified in 244 (7.0%) and 206 (5.9%) patients, respectively. All three adjuvant therapies were significant independent prognostic factors of major heart events (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.47 [1.24–1.73]; 1.48 [1.25–1.75], and 1.92 [1.65–2.23] in groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively). In patients aged ≥50 years with breast cancer who underwent surgery, the log-rank p values of groups 2 and 3 after adjustment were 0.537 and 0.001, respectively.

Conclusion

Adjuvant RT can increase cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer, particularly when used in combination with anthracycline-based CT. Therefore, it should be offered with optimal heart-sparing techniques, particularly in younger patients with good prognosis and long life expectancy.
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Metadata
Title
Risk of cardiotoxicity induced by adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy in young and old Asian women with breast cancer
Authors
Chih-Hsin Lee, MD, PhD
Jun-Fu Zhang, MS
Kevin Sheng-Po Yuan, MD, MS
Alexander T. H. Wu, PhD
Szu-Yuan Wu, MD, MPH, PhD
Publication date
01-07-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Strahlentherapie und Onkologie / Issue 7/2019
Print ISSN: 0179-7158
Electronic ISSN: 1439-099X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-019-01428-7

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