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Inflammation Research
Published in: Inflammation Research 12/2013

01-12-2013 | Original Research Paper

Serum amyloid A, phospholipase A2-IIA and C-reactive protein as inflammatory biomarkers for prostate diseases

Authors: Mario Menschikowski, Albert Hagelgans, Susanne Fuessel, Olga A. Mareninova, Liana Asatryan, Manfred P. Wirth, Gabriele Siegert

Published in: Inflammation Research | Issue 12/2013

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Abstract

Introduction

Serum amyloid A (SAA), secreted group IIA phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) are acute-phase proteins whose serum concentrations increase not only during inflammatory disorders, but also in the course of malignant diseases.

Materials and methods

In this study we analyzed serum levels of these inflammatory markers along with prostate-specific antigens (PSA) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, n = 55), localized prostate cancers (PCa, n = 55), and metastatic prostate cancers (mPCa, n = 27) using immunological assays.

Results

We found that in comparison to healthy individuals (n = 55), patients with BPH, PCa and mPCa have elevated serum levels of SAA, sPLA2-IIA, and CRP, in addition to elevated levels of PSA. Significant differences with respect to inflammatory biomarkers were found between localized and metastatic PCa (p < 0.001), suggesting a prognostic value of these parameters. In addition, serum concentrations of SAA and sPLA2-IIA positively correlate with CRP in BPH patients (p < 0.05) and in patients with PCa and mPCa (p < 0.001), but not with PSA levels, Gleason score, or tumor stage, emphasizing a role of SAA and sPLA2-IIA as circulating biomarkers of inflammation rather than of neoplastic transformation. In contrast to PSA, which differed significantly between BPH and localized PCa patients (p < 0.01), such a difference was not found for SAA, sPLA2-IIA, and CRP. In order to elucidate whether the elevated levels of SAA and sPLA2-IIA can be caused by cancer cell-associated synthesis, in vitro studies were performed. These analyses demonstrated the expression of SAA and sPLA2-IIA in LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cell lines, which can be further upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines in a cell type-dependent manner. This might suggest that, in addition to the hepatic origin, SAA and sPLA2-IIA can also be synthesized and secreted by prostatic cancer tissue itself.

Conclusion

The results of the present study emphasize the utility of SAA, sPLA2-IIA, and CRP as circulating biomarkers of inflammation during BPH development and PCa progression.
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Metadata
Title
Serum amyloid A, phospholipase A2-IIA and C-reactive protein as inflammatory biomarkers for prostate diseases
Authors
Mario Menschikowski
Albert Hagelgans
Susanne Fuessel
Olga A. Mareninova
Liana Asatryan
Manfred P. Wirth
Gabriele Siegert
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
Springer Basel
Published in
Inflammation Research / Issue 12/2013
Print ISSN: 1023-3830
Electronic ISSN: 1420-908X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-013-0665-5

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